314 On the Chalk Bluffs of Trimmingham. 



are by no means the only instances of contortions in the 

 Norfolk chalk. Remarkable cases have been described by 

 Mr. J. E. Taylor at Whitlingham * and at Swainsthorpef . 

 In the former case it is especially noted that the sands and 

 gravels above do not participate in the disturbance of the 

 beds on which they rest ; hence, as Mr. Taylor says, it is 

 evident that this disturbance took place before either the 

 formation of the Norwich Crag or of the Drift deposits. If 

 the section were equally clear at Trimmingham, I believe 

 every one would be forced to accept the same conclusion re- 

 garding the chalk of that locality ; but the foundering of 

 the cliffs and the presence of the shingle beach combine to 

 conceal the true relations of the beds, and allow scope for the 

 •free use of the scientific imagination. In this, however, as in 

 most other cases, the simplest explanation is the most likely 

 to prove correct. 



This notice of the Trimmingham Chalk would not be com- 

 plete without some reference to the interesting series of fossils 

 it contains. The sponges will be described by Mr. Sollas ; 

 but the following list contains the names of the other fossils 

 collected by ourselves and by Dr. Barrois J, who visited the 

 locality in the same year : — 



Belemnitella mucronata, Schlot. Rhynchonella plicatilis, Sby. 



Ostrea vesicnlaris, Sby., var. limbata, Dav. 



lunata, Niks. Ananchvtes ovatns, Lam. 



Pecten quinquecostatus, Sby. Ecbinoconus Roemeri ?, D'Orb. 



sp. (or Galerites abbreviatus, Lam.). 



Terebratula carnea, Sby. Cypbosoma elongatum, Cott. • 



Terebratulina striata, Wahl. Cidaris serrata, Desor (spines). 



rigida, Sby., var. Trocbosrnilia cornucopise, Dun. 



Magas pumilus, Sby. Serpula lunibricus, Defr. 



Crania parisiensis, Defr. heptagona ?, Von Hag. 



To these may be added Baculites magnus, Sby., observed 

 on Trimmingham beach by Samuel Woodward §. 



Ostrea lunata is the species called 0. canaliculata by Wood- 

 ward and Hose. It is a Maestricht form, and was recognized 

 by Dr. Barrois, who says (op. cit. p. 165), " I cannot distin- 

 guish my specimens from Trimmingham from the 0. lunata 

 (identical with the type figured by Goldfuss) which I have 

 collected in the Upper Chalk of Ciply." 



The variety of Ostrea vesicularis is very large and globose ; 

 it only occurs in the uppermost beds of the chalk, and ought 

 to be distinguished from the smaller shells passing under the 

 same name. 



* Geol. Mag. vol. ii. p. 324. f Op. tit. vol. iii. p. 44. 



X Recbercbes sur les terr. Oret. Sup&ieurs (Lille, 1876), p. 165. 

 § Geology of Norfolk, p. 49. 



