18 Prof. A. Macalister on the Myology 



the former specimen. The cervical portion of this muscle 

 formed a thick strong sheet, which passed from the occipital 

 and mastoid regions downwards and forwards, over the mova- 

 ble clavicle and over the humeral region, to be attached to the 

 integument in the vicinity of the elbow. The dorsal and 

 abdomino- lateral and femoral parts of the panniculus were 

 particularly strong. 



The muscles of mastication were exceedingly remarkable in 

 their development. The masseter was distinctly bilaminar, 

 the superficial portion being four times the size of the deeper ; 

 the directions of the two laminae were exceedingly oblique. 

 The temporal was of enormous size, three times the size of the 

 external masseter ; the pterygoids were smaller, the external 

 being exceedingly feeble ; the internal was also small. The 

 most expressive way of representing the enormous size of 

 these muscles is by stating that the weights of the muscles 

 which elevate the lower jaw (masseiers, pterygoids, and tem- 

 porals) were equal to the sum of the weights of all the scapular 

 and brachial muscles (deltoids, spinates, biceps, brachiales, 

 triceps, &c.), or to the entire series of muscles which act on 

 the shoulder-joint (pectorals, latissimus dorsi, S])inati, deltoids, 

 &c.). This will give some idea of the power with which these 

 formidable creatures can close their mouths. (However, the 

 habits of the two specimens in the Zoological Gardens do not 

 seem to indicate the great degree of ferocity for which the 

 species has got credit.) 



The trapezius arose from only four dorsal spines (in my 

 other specimen it extended to seven) ; the clavicular portion 

 was distinctly attached to the outer third of the clavicle. The 

 central portion of the cervical and upper part of the muscle 

 was directly continuous with the acromial (not the clavicular) 

 deltoid ; and, gliding over the shoulder, this portion was in- 

 serted into the lowest part of the deltoidal crest. 



The latissimus dorsi was attached to the lowest five dorsal 

 spines, and to the spines of three lumbar vertebrse, and only 

 to the tip of the last rib : I was able to separate it clearly 

 from the pectoralis quartus (from which it was not easily 

 distinguished in the last specimen) ; its tendon of insertion 

 was rather below that of the teres major. 



Rhomboideus major was only attached to three dorsal spines. 

 The serratus magnus arose from the seven upper ribs and the 

 four lower cervical transverse processes ; a detached slip arose 

 from the second and third cervical transverse processes, and 

 represented a levator scapulge. 



The cleido-mastoid was small and separate, one third the 

 size of the sterno-mastoid. 



