Dr. J. E. Gray on the Mud-Tortoises of India. 329 



The result of this examination has been the discovery of 

 serious mistakes, some of the separate skulls received having 

 been assigned to the wrong species. Thus the skull which 

 was thought to belong to the Trionyx hurum is found to belong- 

 to Trionyx gangeticus of Cuvier ; the skull which was regarded 

 and figured as belonging to Potamochelys stellata (and which 

 was received as a present from Professor Oldham) is found to 

 be the skull of a species of Emyda. Such mistakes were un- 

 avoidable with the very imperfect materials which we had at 

 our command, and could only be corrected as more authentic 

 specimens were procured. 



MUD-TORTOISES ( Trionychoidea). 



General Hardwicke, of the Bengal Artillery, at the end of 

 the last century made at Futteghur a series of draAvings (now 

 in the collection in the British Museum) of the mud-tortoises 

 ( Trionyches) which he obtained from the Ganges : — 



1. The " Sevotereey This is the Ghitra indica of the Ca- 

 talogue of Shield Reptiles. The figure is copied in the 

 * Illustrations of Indian Zoology.' 



2. The " Kaavez^'' which is the Trionyx hurum of the ' Il- 

 lustrations of Indian Zoology ' and of this paper. 



3. The " Dehoolee^'' which is the Trionyx gangeticus of 

 Cuvier and this paper. 



Hardwicke figures the Dhanh or Jaanh^ which appears to be 

 a larger specimen of the same species. 



4. The " Bun-Goma'''' or " Turpin^'' which is an Emyda, 

 probably Emyda punctata. The figures of the young and 

 old are copied in the ' Illustrations of Indian Zoology' as Tri- 

 onyx punctata. 



5. Trionyx subplanus ; but it is from a dried specimen from 

 Java. The figure is copied in the ' Illustrations of Indian 

 Zoology.' 



Dr. Buchanan-Hamilton, a friend and fellow labourer of 

 General Hardwicke (who allowed Hardwicke to have copies 

 made by his own artist of the greater part of the fish he de- 

 scribed, which are now in the British Museum), figured many 

 species of mud-tortoises of India. The collection of his draw- 

 ings was in the India House, and is now in the India Museum 

 at Westminster. 



1. Testudo dura is Emyda punctata. 



2. Testudo hitrum is copied as Trionyx hurum in the ^ Il- 

 lustrations of Indian Zoology.' The Trionyx hurum of this 

 paper. 



3. Testudo chin. This is copied in Gray's ' Synopsis of 

 Ann. & Mag. N. Hist. Ser. 4. Vol.yi. 24 



