336 L)r. J. E. Gray on the Mud-Tortoises of India. 



" Kaavez ; " it is found in the Ganges, and grows to the weight 

 of 120 pounds. The top of the head in this species is brown, 

 black-lined, with a yellow spot on each side of the crown and 

 at the back of the angle of the mouth. This had been named 

 Testudo hurum by Dr. Hamilton, and is the Trionyx hurum of 

 my ' Synopsis of Reptiles,' tab. x. Dumeril and Bibron referred 

 this species and figure to Trionyx gangeticus ; but this was 

 certainly a mistake, and has been a fertile source of error. 



It is figured as Trionyx hurum in Gray's ^ Illustrations of 

 Indian Zoology' from Buchanan-Hamilton's drawings, where 

 it is called Testudo hurum. 



Of this species there is no specimen in the British Museum ; 

 but I have a suspicion that the skull which I have described 

 as Trionyx Jeudi (Proc. Zool. Soc. 1869, p. 217, fig. 19; 

 Gray, Suppl. Cat. Sh. Kept. p. 97, fig. 32) probably belongs 

 to this species. 



The skull named T. Jeudi has the nose rather elongate, pro- 

 duced forward, with a rather tapering outline ; orbit further 

 from the cavity of the nostrils than the diameter of the orbit ; 

 alveolar surface of the lower jaw with a very distinct central 

 longitudinal ridge in front, with a deep pit on each side. 



The British Museum has a second skull of this species, 

 which was given to us by Mr. Theobald as the skull of his 

 Trionyx Phayrei. It certainly is not the skull of the species 

 described under that name in the Journal of the Linnean 

 Society, nor of the tortoise described under that name by Dr. 

 Anderson. 



5. Trionyx seioaare. 



The upper surface of the head uniform olive, with a distinct 

 yellow spot on each side of the crown. 



'^ Sewaare,'" Ilardwicke, icon. ined. in B. M. 



Trionyx gangeticus, var., Gray, Suppl. Cat. Shield Kept. p. 97. 



Hah. Bengal. 



Hardwicke figures a species under the name of " Se- 

 waare," which grows to the weight of 160 pounds and upwards. 

 It has a uniform brown head, with a large pale spot on the 

 side of the crown behind the eyes, and a few similar spots on 

 the back of the neck. The back is marked with six black 

 eye-like spots. I know nothing of this tortoise in the adult 

 state, and at one time considered it a variety of Trionyx hurum ; 

 but I believe that it is quite distinct. 



There are in the British Museum two half-grown speci- 

 mens (95 a&b) agreeing in some respects with these figures, 

 one of which is marked with six spots, and the other has the 

 anterior pair deficient. Unfortunately they are too young to 

 have the sternal callosities developed. 



