in the Oulf of St. Lawrence. 345 



curved, fusiform spicules, has small retentive hihamate ones, 

 apparently resembling those of Dr. Bowerbank's H. falcida 

 in all but size. The other sponges collected are as yet un- 

 determined. 



Hydrozoa. 



Thuiaria thuja and articulata and Campanularia verticil- 

 lata have been noticed among the specimens collected, which, 

 however, have yet to be examined. 



ACTINOZOA. 



The two common sea-anemones of the New-England coast, 

 viz. Metridium marginatum^ Say (which is probably a variety 

 of the European Actinoloba dianthus), and Urticina crassi- 

 cornis, Ehr., were found as abundantly living in the greatest 

 depths examined as in very shallow water. Prof A. E. 

 Verrill recognizes a species of Zoanthus in some specimens 

 which I sent him, which were dredged in 212 fathoms, be- 

 tween Anticosti and the Bird-rocks. Among the same spe- 

 cimens he has also detected examples of his Eunephthya glo- 

 merata, an Alcyonoid previously known only from Greenland 

 and the banks of Newfoundland ; also a new species, and 

 perhaps genus, near to Cornularia. A large number (50 or 

 60) of living specimens of a Pennatula^ which I believe to 

 be new to science, was dredged in from 160 to 200 fathoms, 

 between the island of Anticosti and the south shore of the St. 

 Lawrence. In the largest specimens collected there are 40 

 pinnules on each side of the upper portion of the coenosarc ; 

 but in average full-grown examples the number is less, and 

 ranges from 30 to 35. On the back of the rachis there is a 

 central groove, on each side of which are numerous but un- 

 equal, spinose, undeveloped polyps. The average number of 

 polyp-bearing cells on each pinnule seems to be about 11, but 

 varies from 9 to 16. The polyp-bearing cells are entirely 

 separate, and are margined with bundles of spines. Tlie 8 

 mesenteries and somatic chambers, as well as the 8 tentacles 

 of the polyps, can be well made out in the specimens collected. 

 In one specimen examined by Mr. G. T. Kennedy the basal 

 portion of the pinnules is tilled with spheres of granular 

 matter. The spicules of the lower half of the stem are ellip- 

 tical or oblong, and decidedly constricted in the middle. The 

 calcareous internal axis is somewhat longer than the coenosarc 

 itself, and is recurved at the base. Large examples measure 

 about 8 inches ; but some are only 6 inches long, or even less. 

 These latter specimens have as few as 21 pinnules on each 

 side of the stem. The St. -Lawrence Pennatula, althougli re- 



Ann. & Mag. N. Hist. Ser. 4. Vul. x. 25 



