38 Mv. H. J. Carter on Teiclionellidge. 



to the vents on the other side of the lamina (fig. 9, &), com- 

 municating on their way with the areolar cavities of the sar- 

 code in which the spongozoa are situated. Spicules of two 

 kinds, viz. triradiate and linear. Triradiates of one form 

 only (fig. 10), consisting of one long straight ray (fig. 10, a), 

 aLout 1-1 20th inch in length, terminated by two shorter 

 curved ones nearly at right angles to it (fig. 10, h) ] the long 

 ray bundled with its like, forming the wall of the cylinder, 

 while the two others project in opposite directions into the 

 cavities of the neighbouring cylinders respectively, which the 

 wall separates, their points turned towards the vents (fig. 9, c). 

 Linear spicules minute (fig. 11), consisting of a slightly undu- 

 lated shaft, about 1 -200th inch long, obtusely pointed at the 

 inner, and spear-pointed at the outer end — that is, slightly in- 

 flated before the termination (fig. 11, a), — disposed in tufts so 

 as to give a minutely villous surface to each side (fig. 9, a, &), 

 indicated by a white line added to the columnar structure, 

 which is thickest on the vent- side, where these spicules are 

 twice the length of those on the pore-side (fig. 9, h). Size of 

 entire specimen 2 inches long, lA inch high, and ^ inch thick. 



Hah. Marine. Mode of growth (that is, whether pendent 

 or erect) unknown. 



Loc. Australia, Freemantle. 



Ohs. This specimen (figs. 6, 7) is in the collection to which 

 I have alluded, and is second only in size to Teichonella 

 proUfera^ the foregoing species. In spiculation and in the 

 structure of the lamina it is closely allied to Qrantia compressa^ 

 Fleming, = /S'?/cawc?ra, Haeckel, also in the foliation, which 

 here is like the convokite gestivation of a flower- bud (fig. 7). 

 Grantia comijressa itself often occurs in a foliated form, like 

 the twisted leaves of a book. 



General Observations. 



It is impossible now to do any thing in the Calcispongise 

 without reference to Haeckel's work on them, entitled ' Die 

 Kalkschwamme ' (1872, in 3 vols., one of which is the Atlas), 

 so complete in every respect does this appear to be. Thus 

 the whole of the Calcispongias are divided into three great 

 families, viz. : — " 1. Ascones : Grantien mit Lochcanalen ; 2. 

 Leucones : Grantien mit Astcaniilen ; and 3. Sycones : Gran- 

 tien mit Strahlcanalen," illustrated respectively by diagrams 

 in the Atlas (Tafn. 20, 40, and 60). Complete, however, as 

 this appears to be, it is somewhat laughable that the self-con- 

 stituted author of ' The History of Creation ' should have 

 omitted a whole family of these sponges, viz. that which I 



