Oeological Society. 99 



suttonensis, sp. n., and C\ cylindroceros, Brav. (including 0. gracilis, 

 Brav.), all from Pliocene deposits. Besides these, the author noticed 

 a species incertce sedis under the name of Cervus tetracei-os, Dawkins, 

 which he regards as coming nearest to the Virginian Deer, or Oaria- 

 GOVL (Cariacus virginianus). From the examination of the antlers 

 of these species he indicates that in the Middle Miocene age the 

 cervine antler consisted of a simply forked crown, whilst in the 

 Upper Miocene it becomes more complex, although still small and 

 erect, like that of the Roe Deer. In the Pliocene it becomes larger 

 and more complex, some forms, such as the Cervus dicrcmios, IVesti, 

 being the most complicated of known antlers. The successive changes 

 are analogous to those observed in the development of the antlers of 

 the living Deer with increase of age. In the Miocene we have the 

 zero of antler-development, and the Capreoline type is older than 

 any other. The nearest living analogue of the Miocene Deer is, 

 according to the antler, the Muntjak (Stghcei-os), now found only 

 in the oriental region of Asia, along with the Tapir, which also 

 coexisted with Cervus dicranoceros in the ifiocene forests of Germany. 

 The Pliocene Deer, again, are generally most nearly allied to the 

 oriental Axis and Eusa Deer, the only exception being Cervus 

 eusanus, the antlers of which resemble those of the Roe, an animal 

 widely spread over Europe and Northern and Central Asia. The 

 alliance of these Pliocene Deer with those now living in the Indian 

 region is regarded by the author as a further proof of the warm 

 climate of Europe in Miocene times, confirmatory of the conclusions 

 arrived at by Saporta from the study of the vegetation. 



B. " On the Occurrence of Branchipiis (or Chirocephalus) in a 

 Fossil State, associated with Archceoniscus and with numerous Insect- 

 remains in the Eocene Freshwater Limestone of Gurnet Bay, Isle of 

 Wight." By Henry Woodward, Esq., F.R.S., F.G.S. 



The remains of Crustacea and Insects noticed in this paper were 

 obtained by Mr. E. J. A'Court Smith from a thin bed of limestone 

 belonging to the Osborne or St. Helen's series at Thorness and 

 Gurnet Bay in the Isle of Wight. The collection is the result of 

 about 20 years' work. The insect-remains comprise about fifty 

 Bpecimens of Diptera, including wings of Tipialidae and Culicidae, 

 and the pupa apparently of a Gnat, one wing of a Hemipterous 

 insect, and a flattened Homopterous insect identified by Mr. F. 

 Smith with Triecphora sanguinolenta ; two specimens referred to the 

 Lepidopterous genus Lithosia ; only three Orthoptera, one a Qryllo- 

 talpa, the other two belonging to a Grasshopper ; thirty-five Hymeno- 

 pterous wings, thirty-three of which are referred to Ants of the 

 genera Myrmica, Formica, and Camponotus ; twenty-three examples 

 of Neuroptera referred to Termes, Perla, Lihellitla, Agrimi, Phry- 

 ganea, and Hemerohius ; and twelve of Coleoptera. including species 

 of Hydrophilns, Dyticus, Curculio, Anohium, Dorcus, and Staphy- 

 Unus. There were also two Spiders. Several species of bivalved 



7* 



