THE CHAIRMAN: This is a good question. I might take just a 

 moment to explain what the Government has done to coordinate the 

 budgeting for oceanography. 



Essentially, the Departments will budget for oceanography 

 separately. In a sense, we can consider this a vertical kind of 

 budgeting that has gone on for years with the Defense Department, 

 for example, not only funding for oceanography but for all their 

 other activities, oceanography being one of these. 



The Departnnent of the Interior, the Department where I work, 

 also will fund for oceanography, along with other funds for our 

 Bureau and for the several other Bureaus of this Department. 



On the other hand, the Federal Council for Science and Tech- 

 nology, which is made up of secretarial level people, has set up 

 this Interagency Committee on Oceanography as a body to function 

 under the Federal Council. This particular Committee, composed 

 of largely senior career officers from the various departments, is 

 headed by Assistant-Secretary James H. Wakelin, Jr., whom you 

 heard this morning. This takes a look at the whole oceanographic 

 picture through Government, prepares a budget for oceanography 

 across Departmental lines, and discusses this budget with the 

 Federal Council. 



Remember again, that the Federal Council is made up of 

 secretarial level officers from each of the interested Departments, 

 including, by the way, the Bureau of the Budget, and is chaired by 

 the President's Science Advisor, Dr. Jeronne B. Wiesner. 



Thus, budgetary proposals pass from the Departments to the 

 Bureau of the Budget and the President's office, and also from the 

 Interagency Committee on Oceanography through the Federal Coun- 

 cil and into the Bureau of the Budget, wherein these two views are 

 coordinated. We have already seen, in the last three years of ex- 

 tensive study of this program, that sometimes the Departmental 

 budgets do not coincide exactly with the budgets that are recom- 

 mended by the Interagency Committee on Oceanography and the 

 Federal Council. 



Then there is, in a sense, negotiation between these head 

 career officers, members of ICO and the Federal Council, menn- 

 bers of the Departments, and secretaries of the Departments to 

 bring about a well-balanced program not only within the individual 

 agency but also in the National Oceanographic Program of which 

 the agency program is a part. 



This is the way it works at the present time and as a partici- 

 pant, it appears to me to be a very satisfactory way for insuring 

 special emphasis in certain areas of the science. 



I might add that this particular mechanism of looking hori- 



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