those properties of the marine environment which either affect wea- 

 pon performance or affect the instrumentation employed to mea- 

 sure weapon performance. 



Oceanographic surveys of range sites are conducted during 

 planning and early construction stages. These surveys employ con- 

 ventional available equipment. Once the ranges are in operation, 

 periodic surveys are conducted to gather information on the degree 

 of variability that occurs in the range. However, these surveys do 

 not reveal the day-to-day conditions of the range. 



The ranges are instrumented to provide an accurate and instan- 

 taneous presentation of the movements of a submerged weapon, or 

 a weapon and its target on the same run. From the data obtained, 

 accurate determinations of weapon trajectory, velocity, accelera- 

 tion, turning radius, advance transfer, and other parameters are 

 made. This information is invaluable from the standpoint of de- 

 sign and tactical considerations. The ranges present a unique 

 facility as an underwater "laboratory" and many new uses and re- 

 quirements for them are constantly being generated. Amongst 

 them are calibration of ship-mounted sonar and navigation equipment. 



In this vuiderwater "laboratory, " however, we cannot control 

 the environmental variables. In this sense, the underwater range 

 cannot be strictly referred to as a laboratory. Therefore, it is 

 important to be able to measure these variables over the entire 

 volume of the range, not periodically, but concurrently with the 

 tests. 



A three-dimensional system is required that will accurately 

 measure the properties of interest throughout the volume of the 

 range, communicate the data to a central location where they are 

 recorded, and graphically display the data for immediate inspection. 

 This is the ENVIRONMENTAL SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM for the 

 xinderwater ranges. 



The function of the Environmental Surveillance System is to 

 provide, either according to a programmed schedule, or on 

 demand, environmental data from points throughout the range 

 volume, including the atmosphere immediately above it. 



DESIGN CONCEPTS: The system may consist of a number of 

 taut-wire buoys to which sensor clusters are attached at different 



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