find all we need to know, because the ocean and its environment 

 change from year to year and from season to season. This is 

 going to require continuous activity. 



The problems of marine biology are considerable. Most of 

 you would concede that physical and chemical oceanography have 

 suffered overlong by policies of attempting to build instruments 

 using less than one vacuum tube. Biological oceanography is 

 in a much worse situation. However, it is brighter for the 

 manufacturer by virtue of the fact, as you heard from Dr. 

 McHugh, that there is a large potential market here. There is 

 a large United States and a rapidly expanding worldwide fishing 

 fleet that is just becoming aware of the possibilities of new in- 

 strumentation for operational purposes. This is a good field 

 for study. 



A word on underwater TV. Many of the applications of 

 underwater TV are inept. It is a nice device, but it has often 

 been misused; we tend to forget some of the things which we can 

 really do with underwater TV or, in fact, TV itself. We should 

 question the use of conventional commercial frame rates of 

 60 per second. Possibly we could do better if we had framie 

 rates of only one per second with image storage systems. Low- 

 er frame rates would permit a very great reduction in trans- 

 mitted bandwidth or an increase in the resolution, whichever we 

 may wish. We often spend far more to accomplish a task than 

 is necessary, and we do not succeed in doing it well. I am 

 thinking here of really deep TV, because of the cable and trans- 

 mission problems which accompany the broad bandwidth situa- 

 tion. 



Well, as I promised, I will conclude at this point, and leave 

 the rest to our Chairman. 



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