saw the launching of another of his designs: 

 The 1,000-ft, diver lock-out JOHNSON SEA 

 LINK. Donated by Link to the Smithsonian 

 Institution and operated by the Marine Sci- 

 ences Center at Ft. Pierce, Florida, SEA 

 LINK incorporated a forward pressure 

 sphere of plastic and an aft diver lock-out 

 sphere of aluminum. Philanthropist Seward 

 Johnson's sincere and abiding interest in the 

 marine environment was, and remains, a 

 chief factor in SEA LINK's birth and contin- 

 ued operation. 



In addition to securing its 5,000-ft DSRF-2 , 

 the U.S. Navy continued efforts toward ma- 

 terial and component testing. In 1971 the 

 1,500-ft DEEP VIEW and 600-ft MAKAKAI 

 were launched and placed, along with A'E MO, 

 under operational control of the Navy Un- 

 dersea Center at San Diego. An early pioneer 

 in submersible design and innovation (DEEP 

 JEEP, KUMUKAHI, DEEP VOYAGER), na- 

 val engineer Willis Foreman designed the 

 glass hemi-head DEEP VIEW to assess the 

 problems encountered with joining glass and 

 steel under high pressure-low temperature 

 conditions. Borosilicate glass constitutes 

 DEEP VIEW'S forward hemi-head and HY- 

 100 steel its cylinder and after endcap. The 



W/D ratio of glass is one of the lowest of all 

 materials and its strength actually increases 

 under pressure; hence, if some of its fabrica- 

 tion and jointing problems can be overcome, 

 glass offers tremendous potential to under- 

 sea pressure capsules. 



The acrylic plastic-hulled MAKAKAI was 

 fabricated to assess various means (includ- 

 ing use of fiber optics and photometers) of 

 telemetering data through a plastic sphere 

 in lieu of thru-hull penetrations and to eval- 

 uate and gain experience with cycloidal pro- 

 pulsion systems instead of conventional pro- 

 peller-rudder type maneuvering. 



The seventies saw the entrance of other 

 European countries into the submersible 

 field. Anticipating business from the newly- 

 discovered and mushrooming North Sea oil 

 fields, the Dutch company Nereid nv. of 

 Schiedam constructed the 330-ft, 3-man 

 NEREID 330. In addition to a wide range of 

 viewing, NEREID 330 is fitted with a 15-ft- 

 long, 2,500-pound lift-capacity, mechanical 

 arm with a gripping force of 6 tons. A second 

 vehicle, NEREID 700, a 4-man, 700-ft sub- 

 mersible with diver lock-out capability, was 

 delivered to Dutch Submarine Services of 

 Amsterdam in the summer of 1973. 



Fig 3 32 Although! non-political by design, the Canadian submersible SEA OTTER is called to come to the aid of a party (Arctic Marine Ltd) 



65 



