height with no fast ice and only shallow indentations. The southern- 

 most penetrable ]Jjnit for a ship was determined to be about 78°31.6' S,, 

 in the former Bay of Whales area, A large crack opens from the sea 

 into the shelf ice in the general direction of Roosevelt Island and 

 apparently connects with an area of enclosed open water within. This 

 may in the future cause a considerable change in the shelf ice front 

 configuration, shovild a break occur at the crack, thus opening up the 

 inner pool of water, 



A scattered pack was encountered about 20 miles east of Kianan 

 Bay, becoming close as the ship proceeded east. At the western approach 

 to Okuma Bay, an area of close pack, impracticable to penetrate, was 

 encountered. This pack, which was composed of 7-foot thick, hard floes, 

 was circuiTivented by shifting course to the northwest and north along 

 the I60th west meridian, and then heading southeast through broken pack 

 to again attempt entry into the bay. Many icebergs, some grounded, 

 blocked the entrance to Okuma Bay and extended in a closely assembled 

 corridor along Edward VII Peninsu3.a to Cape Colbeck, The shelf ice 

 front continued along this area and appeared much the same as it did 

 hear the Bay of IVhales, Off Cape Colbeck, icebergs became even more 

 numerous and more closely associated; both tabular and pinnacled types 

 were observed. Pancake ice was obsei-ved for the first time on the 

 morning of 18 January, Open water was found aJ.ong the Edward VII 

 Peninsula from Okuma Bay to Cape Colbeck, Here, broken pack soon 

 became close heavy ice 10 to 12 feet thick and inade progress to 

 the east impracticable, so a course was set to the north and north- 

 west, Duriiig the night of 18 January, the ATKA remained motionless 

 in the pack until 0800 I5T on 19 January. On 19 January the ATKA 

 was in continuous heavy pack which soon becaiiie consolidated; the 

 pack was composed of mediiim floes 12 to 15 feet thick and numerous 

 bergs were present in the pack. The heaviest pack encountered on the 

 cruise was found in this area, approximately 76°i(5' S. 1^9° W. When 

 the ATKA finally extricated herself, it was discovered that one blade 

 of the starboard screw had been broken off, 



A more vrestcrly course was pursued through close and broken pack 

 to about 162°30' W. , where an almost due south course was set for 

 Kainan Bay, Broken pack became scattered south of 77° S.; icebergs 

 became more scarce and disappeared altogether. The water off the 

 entrance to Kaijian Bay, which had been open on 17 January, ifas novj, 

 3 days later, filled vrith scattered and broken pack ice. This was 

 traversed after some delay in locating a favorable psth, and the 

 ATKA tied up to the edge of the fast ice filling Kainan Bay at 2200 

 LST on 20 January. The fast ice of the bay was appix)yiinatoly 9o$ 

 feet thick with h to 22 inches of snox; cover. 



After leaving Kainan Bay on 21; January, on a dv.e north course, a 

 short section of broken pack ice was traversed, follovjcd by open water 



