118 Mr. W. Eagle Clarke — Bird-migration 



Hire, too, may be mentioned the Rock-Pipits observed on 

 the 23rd of September and on the Stli and 12th of October. 



The day-movements were chiefly observed during the 

 forenoon, but on some occasions were continued until 

 sunset; while the hour and duration of the nocturnal visits 

 entirely depended upon the advent and prevalence of weather 

 conditions suitable for bringing night migration under 

 observation. 



Continuing the observations relating to emigration. I have 

 next to notice a series of movements from the N.W. towards 

 the S.E., that is to say, from the Essex coast at or about 

 the Naze to the Belgian coast near the French frontier — a 

 line oi migration which seems to have been overlooked, but 

 one to which 1 have recently drawn attention when treating 

 of the spring-migrations, in the reverse direction, of the 

 Kook and Starling (see Rep. Brit. Assoc, Southport Meeting, 

 1903). The emigrations observed along this route, though 

 marked, were confined to a few species, and it formed the 

 main line across this part of the North Sea by which the 

 House-Martin, Meadow-Pipit, and Pied Wagtail sought the 

 south, and was also a minor route for Whcatcars, Starlings, 

 and Skylarks. Considerable numbers of the three first-named 

 species traversed it on the 7th, 9th, and 14th of October, 

 days on which there was little or no migration along other 

 lines of flight. 



We now approach the east to west flights, which arc 

 eertainly the most interesting of the migrations observed on 

 this section of our coast-line, and are also the main diurnal 

 movements regularly witnessed on the British shores. 



The Kentish Knock Lightship, 1 found, occupied a central 

 position amid this great feathered stream, since the vast 

 majority (90 per cent, or more) of these migrants were 

 moving direct from E. to W. On the Norfolk coast their 

 chief line of flight is to the N.W., on the Lincolnshire coast 

 to the N.N.W., while on the east coast of Kent it is to 

 both W. and S.W. On certain days, when general move- 

 ments are in progress, these flights have often been known 



