358 Dr. R. B. Sharpe on Birds 



109. A\THUS RUFULUS. 



Anthus caffer Sundev. ; Sharpe, ed. Layard, p. 434 (1884). 



AnthusrufulusY.; Sharpe, Cat. B. x. p. 574 (1885); Stark, 

 Faun. S. Afr., Birds, i. p. 251 (1900) ; Shelley, B. Afr. ii. 

 p. 319 (1900). 



a, 2 juv. Deelfontein, Feb. 12, 1902. 



b, c. g ad.; d. 2 ad. Deelfontein, March 10, 1902. 

 e. <? j /, g. S ad. „ April 3, 1902. 



h. 2 ad. „ July 3, 1902. 



All the birds procured in March and April have more or 

 less completed their moult, and some curious variation is 

 exhibited as regards the amount of white on the penultimate 

 tail-feather. It is evident that in the freshly moulted 

 state some specimens, probably young birds of the previous 

 season, have the penultimate tail-feather almost entirely 

 black, with a wedge-shaped mark of white near the end. 

 This gradually increases in extent, but very irregularly, until 

 at last the white is nearly as much developed as on the outer 

 feather, shewing merely a long wedge-shaped mark of brown 

 on the inner web. A similar variation takes place in Malayan 

 specimens (cf. Sharpe, Cat. B. x. p. 577). 



110. Certhilauda albofasciata. 



Certhilauda rvfula (nee V.) ; Sharpe, ed. Layard, pp. 49G, 

 851 (1875-84) ; id. Cat. B. xiii. p. 515 (1890) ; Stark, Faun. 

 S. Afr., Birds, i. p. 234 (1900). 



Certhilauda albofasciata Lafr. ; Shelley, B. Afr. iii. p. 22 

 (1902). 



a, b. J ad.; ? pull. Deelfontein, Jan. 29, 1901. 



c, d,e. S \f>g> c? ? juv. „ Feb. 3-12, 1902. 



h, i. J ad. „ March 23-26, 1902. 



A, /. cJ ? ad. „ April 3, 4, 1902. 



m, n. S ? ad. „ May 15, 1902. 



o-r. S ad. ;s,t. ? ad. „ Sept. 28, 30, 1902. 



Iris greyish hazel. 

 «. S ad. „ Nov. 11, 1902. 



From the spotted nestling stage the young Lark moults into 

 a winter plumage exactly like that of the adult, and carries 



