Paleearctic Species of Horned Larks. 371 



e. A more or less broad white band on the fore part 

 of the forehead in the male, the corresponding 

 white or whitish feathers being without dark 

 shaft-streaks in the female. 

 /. Only the nasals black, the feathers of the 

 adjacent foremost part of the forehead being 

 white. (A narrow capistrum sometimes in 

 hybrids 0. penicillata x 0. brandti.) 

 <j. Wing in the male not more than 4'70 in., 

 usually not more than 4*55 in., in the 

 female not more than 4"35 in. 

 h. Culmen from the front end of the nostrils 

 not more than - 4 in. in the male, not 

 more than 0'.']5 in. in the female. Darker 

 and browner. Smaller. 

 ■/. Bill thicker and shorter. White inter- 

 space on the sides of the neck broad. 

 Ear-tufts of the male shorter; no 

 traces of a capistrum. Wing, J 4*50 

 395 -3 92, § 4-25 3-80 in. — Hub. 

 Steppes of Asia from Volga River to 

 Dauria. — [sibirica Swinh., 1871; par- 

 verti Tacz., 1876.] .... (). brandti Dresser, ls/4. 

 i . Bill thinner and longer. White inter- 

 space on the sides of the neck narrower. 

 Ear-tufts of the male longer; some- 

 times traces of a capistrum. Wing, 

 J 4-70-4-20, 2 4-30-3-80 in.— Hub. 

 Mountains of the northern part of 

 Central Asia. — [brandti (nee Dress.) et 

 elivesi (nee Blanf.) auct. nonnull. ex 

 parte.] O. brandti montana, subsp. nov. 



h'. Culmen from the front end of the nostril 

 042-0-48 in. : rarely 0'40 in. in the male, 

 0*38 -0'46 in. in the female. Lighter, sandy 

 rufous, even whitish in the fresh dress. 

 A large form with a comparatively short 

 wing : in the male 4'-j0-4-40 in., in the 

 female 4 35-4 - 10 in. — Hab. Zaidam. 



O. brandti przetoalskii, subsp. nov. 

 ;/'. Wing in the male not under 4 - 75 in. (-V20- 

 4'80-4"75), in the female not under 4'50 in. 

 (4'80-4-.">0). A very large, long-winged 

 form. — Hab. Karakorum, Cashmere, and 

 .Himalayas to Kumaon. — !j erissa et argalea 

 Oberhols., 1902] O. lony'rostris Moore. 1855. 



