4(-'0 Mr. S. A. Buturlin on the Geographical 



Moscow, St. Petersburg, and London from Kharbin (Th. 

 C. Lorens, in litt.). It extends eastwards to lake Khanka, 

 whence I have a specimen in my collection, but not to the 

 Ussuri and the coast of the Japanese Sea, being there 

 replaced by the closely allied Ph. ussuriensis. It extends 

 north to the mouth of the Sungari and the neighbouring 

 parts of the Amoor Valley up to Ekaterino-Nikolsk in 48° 

 N. lat. Thus the Anioor and the Little Khinghan Mts. form 

 its northern limit. In the south, somewhere near Ghirin, its 

 range coalesces with that of the strikingly different Ph. karpowi 

 of Southern Manchooria and Corea. Further to the west 

 it occurs near Tsitsikar, but in these days it is not found on 

 the Dalai-Nor and Argun River (as was the case in the time 

 of Pallas), and I suppose that the Great Khinghan Mts. 

 limit its range here. Pallas mentions the River Shara- 

 Muren (tributary of Lao-khe?) as its locality, but most 

 probably he was misinformed, as the Shara-Muren bird is 

 Ph. kiangsuensis. 



It is most annoying to be obliged to add more names to 

 the already overburdened list of ornithological synonyms and 

 to rename the bird described a century ago with the clearness 

 and exactness usual to the unrivalled genius of Pallas, but 

 1 see no other way out of it. Pallas, unfortunately, gave 

 no name to this bird, and Mr. Rothschild's attempt to use 

 part of Pallas's narrative as a name for it was quickly 

 abandoned by the author himself. 



To use Gmelin's unhappy name "Ph. torquatus" is quite 

 out of the question : his diagnosis [Syst. Nat. xiii. ed. 1788, 

 i. pt.ii. p. 744: " torquatus, /3. Ph. torque albo"] mentions only 

 the white collar, but in China and the adjoining countries 

 (Mongolia, Ussuri-land, &c, that formed part of the Chinese 

 Empire in Gmelin's time) there are found at least nine 

 different forms of Ring-Pheasants, six of them (Ph. hagen- 

 becki, Ph. alpherakyi, Ph. karpowi, Ph. formosanus, Ph. 

 mtscheuensis, and Ph. holdereri) quite distinct specifically ; and 

 I do not include here Ph. mangolicus, which in fact inhabits 

 a part of the Chinese Empire (Kuldja and Dzungaria). Gmelin 

 5<ives no locality for his " Ph. torquatus" and Latham, cited 



