Variation in the Wing of the Lapwing. 



449 



Text-tig. 8. — ? . 2nd and 3rd primaries equal and longest. 

 1st and 4th primaries equal. 

 7th primary 1 in. shorter than 1st. 

 7th primary 1 in. wide. 

 10th primary only I in. longer than the 

 secondaries, excepting the 1st secondary, 

 Avhich is rather shorter than the rest. 

 As a rule, the white basal portion of the secondaries in the 

 female extends further down the feathers, so that the shorter 



Text-fier. 7. 



Text-fig. 8. 



Wing of Lapwing, 5 , 



Primaries of Lapwing, $ 



black apical parts form a narrower marginal band on the 

 under side of the expanded wing. 



During flight the sexes may easily be distinguished by the 

 great difference of wing-formation. When a flock passes 



