bal.*:noptera. 45 



17:^ inches; stylohyoid separate, in straight line, 26^ 

 inches, flattened on surface. See flp'ure below. 



16. Vertebrae, cervical, seven, not fused, plates not ossified 

 to bodies. Vertebral formula C^Dj-L^-Cd^g = 63. 

 Plates II., III. The faitus had the same formula. 



The atlas of the female is 3 feet 2 inches in trans- 

 verse diameter. The anterior surface has two smooth 

 concave areas for the occipital condyls, separated in 

 part by rough bone and in part b}^ a deep notch con- 

 tinuous with the neural canal, but occupied by a strong 

 ligament which is connected with the stunted odontoid. 

 The upper part of the canal for the cord is 4^ inches 

 wide, and only 2| inches in vertical diameter. The 

 posterior surface has a large crescentic articular 

 area for the axis. The neural spine is stunted ; the 

 laminae are strong and flattened, and pierced by a 

 foramen for the sub-occipital nerve. On each side 

 is a strong transverse process, triangular, and with a 

 pointed end, but not perforated by a lateral foramen. 

 The axis is 3 feet 8 inches in transverse diameter. 

 The anterior surface has a large crescentic articular 

 area for the atlas, and the concavity of the crescent 

 is roughened for the stunted odontoid. The neural 

 spine is massive ; the transverse process, broad and 

 flattened, consists of a parapophysis and a dia- 

 pophysis united at their outer ends and enclosing a 

 large lateral foramen. The 3rd to the 6th vertebrae 

 have flattened bodies, with a moderate neural arch and 

 spine and a triangular neural canal. The transverse 

 processes are long and slender ; the two divisions 

 unite externally and enclose a verj^ large lateral 



