PHOCA. 181 



cranial Sh inches. Hard palate deeply scooped, not 



reachincj hamulars, slightly concave ; post-canines 



with sometimes four cusps. Mandible 5 inches ; sub- 

 . condylar process as in No. 5. 



7. Skull of adult, wanting right malar. Teeth worn. 



Skull, length 8 inches, over vertex, 9| inches; 

 breadth, zygomatic, 4f inches, cranial 3f inches. 

 Mandible, length 5| inches. 



8. Ligamentum Conjugale Costarum exposed on the back of 



the intervertebral disc of Phoca vitulina and extend- 

 ing transversely between the heads of opposite ribs. 

 The ligament was invested by a synovial membrane 

 continuous with that of the costo-vertebral joints. 

 Described by Dr John Cleland in Edinburgh New 

 Philosophical Journal, ix., 1859. 



9. Forearm and Manus, Phoca vitulina. Carpus consists 



of radiale, intermedium, ulnare, pisiform ; four distal 

 carpalia. 



10. Manus of Phoca vitulina, 1st and 2nd digits of, to show 



the epiphyses of the metacarpals and phalanges. The 

 1st metacarpal and all the phalanges have only 

 proximal epiphyses ; the four other metacarpals 

 have only distal epiphyses. Prepared by Mr A. B. 

 Stirling, 1869. 



11. Hip Joint of Phoca vitulina. The capsule has been opened 



and the head of the femur exposed to show the 

 absence of the ligamentum teres. 



12. Pes of Phoca vitulina, 1st and 2nd digits of, to show the 



epiphyses of the metatarsals and phalanges. The 

 1st metatarsal has both a proximal and a distal epi- 

 physis, as also the phalanges, except the terminal 

 phalanx, which has only a proximal epiphysis. In 

 the four other metatarsals only a distal epiphysis is 

 present. Prepared by Mr A. B. Stirling, 1869. 



13. Placenta, portion of the detached, of Phoca vittdina. The 



lobules have been partially separated from each other. 



14. Brain of Phoca vitulina.. Membranes removed ; convo- 



lutions displayed. Described by Turner in Journ. 

 Anat. and Phys., vol. xxii., 1888, and Challenger 

 Report, part Ixviii., 1887. 



15. Brain of Plioea vitulina cut into sections. 



