107 



49. Moutli with barbels ; scales spinj" ; mouth inferior 5 gill- 



opening narrow. GoxoiiHyxcHiD.E — XXXV. 

 „ Barbels, none. 50. 



50. A series of keeled scales on each side of belly ; mouth ter- 



minal ; lower jaw produced ; dorsal opposite to anal. 

 ScoMERESOCiD.E — XXXIII. {Tijpc^ Garlish.) 

 „ Sides not armed w^ith keeled scales. 51. 



51. Abdomen frequently compressed into a serrated edge. Clu- 



PEiDJR — XXXVl. {Tyyes^ Anchovy ; Sprat.) 

 „ Abdomen rounded. Freshwater fishes. Cyprinid^e — 

 XXXIV. {Types, Carp ; Tench ; Gold Fish.) 



52. Bony fishes, comijosed of plates or osseous rings ; dorsal 



rays ; teeth minute or absent. 68. 

 „ Fishes with rough scutes or spines ; jaws armed with distinct 

 teeth. 69. 



53. Marine fishes, generally with brilliant colours ; frequently 



armed with canine teeth. LABRiDiE — XXIII. {Type, 

 Parrot Fish.) 



51. One external gill-opening only ; produced snout, with soft 

 pear-shaped appendage. Chimerid.e — XLIII. {Type, 

 Elephant Fish, Callorhyncus aniarticus, Lacej).) 

 „ External gill-openings, 5 to 7. 55. 



55. Eye v.ith a nictitating membrane. Two dorsals and an 



anal. Carcharid.i^ — XLIV. 

 Eye without a nictitating membrane. 56. 



56. Anal fin present. 57. 

 „ No anal fin. 60. 



57. Two dorsal fins. 58. 



„ One dorsal fin opposite anal. Xotidaxid^f. — XL VII. 



58. First dorsal above or behind the ventrals. Scyllid.1: 



— XLVI. {Type, Dog-fish.) 

 ,, First dorsal between pectorals and ventrals. 59. 



59. Teeth acute. Lamxid.^ — XLV. 



„ Teeth obtuse. Cestracioxidj: — XJ-VIII. (Tyy^r, Port Jack- 

 son Shark.) 



60. Gill-openings lateral. (Sharks.) 61. 

 „ Gill-openings ventral. (Rays.) 63. 



61. Snout much produced, with lateral sav/-like teeth. Pristio- 



PHGRiD.i:: — LI. {Type, Saw-fish.) 

 „ Snout normal. 62. 



62. Dorsal fins, two, without spines. RirixiD.^ — L. {Type, 



Angel Shark.) 

 ,, Dorsal fins each armed with a spine. SriXACiD.i:--XLIX. 

 {Type, Spotted Dog-fish.) 



63. Snout produced. 64. 



„ Snout not produced ; rounded ; caudal well developed. Tor- 

 PEDIXID.E — LIII. {Type, Torpedo.) 



