42 SHALLOW-WATER FORAMINIFERA OF TORTUGAS REGION. 
nudum, as the species was described and figured by d’Orbigny in 
1839, and also appears earlier, both on the plate and in the text, than 
does poeyt. Therefore there is no alternative, if the two are consid- 
ered the same species, but to use the name sqguammosa for this species. 
There is some variation in the height of the test, but not enough 
to warrant separation into two varieties. The West Indian species 
differs in some ways from those of the Pacific, but it may be a question 
whether or not they both belong to a single species. This is related 
to Tretomphalus bulloides d’Orbigny, but, as will be noted under 
that species, the two are distinct, as C. sguammosa does not form a 
“float-chamber.”’ 
Genus TRETOMPHALUS Moebius, 1880. 
Tretomphalus bulloides (d’Orbigny). 
Rosalina bulloides d’Orbigny, in De la Sagra, Hist. Fis. Pol. Nat. Cuba, 1839, “ Forami- 
niféres,”’ p. 104, pl. 3, figs. 2 to 5. 
Cymbalopora bulloides Carpenter, Parker, and Jones, Introd. Foram., 1862, p. 216.—H. B. 
Brady, Quart. Journ. Mier. Soc., vol. 19, 1879, p. 80; Rep. Voy. Challenger, Zool- 
ogy, vol. 9, 1884, p. 638, pl. 102, figs. 7 to 12; text-figures, 20 a to c.—Egger, Abh. 
kon. bay. Akad. Wiss. Minchen, Cl. II, vol. 18, 1893, p. 381, pl. 18, fig. 53.— 
Murray, Nat. Sci., vol. 11, 1897, p. 20, fig. 3—Chapman, Journ. Linn. Soc. London, 
Zoology, vol. 28, 1902, p. 189; Earland, Journ. Quekett Micr. Club, ser. 2, vol. 8, 
1902, p. 309, pl. 16, figs. 6 to 9—NMillett, Journ. Roy. Mier. Soc., 1904, p. 697, 
pl. 7, fig. 4—Rhumbler, Zool. Jahrb., Abt. Syst., vol. 24, 1906, p. 72.—Heron- 
Allen and Earland, Trans. Zool. Soc. London, vol. 20, 1915, p. 688.—Heron-Allen, 
Phil. Trans., ser. B, vol. 206, 1915, p. 252, et seq., pls. 16, 17 (in part). 
Tretomphalus bulloides Moebius, Beitr. Meeresfauna Insel Mauritius, 1880, p. 98, pl. 10, 
figs. 6 to 9.—Cushman, Bull. 71, U. S. Nat. Mus., pt. 5, 1915, p. 26, pl. 14, figs. 
3, 4; fig. 29 (in text); Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 59, 1921, p. 58, pl. 13, fig. 13. 
Discorbina bulloides Goés, Kongl. Svensk. Vet. Akad. Handl., vol. 19, 1882, p. 106, pl. 8, 
figs. 262, 263. 
Test free, subglobular; early chambers rotaliform, numerous, rather 
coarsely perforate, forming a cap to which is attached a large final ‘‘balloon- 
chamber,” subspherical, with coarse perforations on the ventral side, and 
within a “‘float-chamber” with a single opening at the base, from which 
a tubular neck projects inward; color of the early chambers dark brown, the 
large chamber colorless. 
Diameter of the Tortugas specimens up to 0.40 mm. 
D’Orbigny originally described this species as Rosalina bulloides 
in the Cuban monograph, his specimens being from Cuba and 
Haiti. By most authors it has been assigned to Cymbalopora, but 
Moebius in 1880 erected the genus Tretomphalus for this species, 
and in view of the structures revealed by later studies it seems best 
to use this name. The Cymbalopora millettii of Heron-Allen and 
Earland should also be known as Tretomphalus millettii. These two 
species have had considerable attention from various authors, 
especially Moebius, Murray, Brady, Earland, and Heron-Allen. 
Tretomphalus bulloides occurs both as a pelagic species and as 
a bottom form. This fact has led to various theories concerning 
its life history. From what is known of the pelagic form it un- 
doubtedly becomes empty and sinks to the bottom. Whether all 
