vot. x1] MOULTS OF BRITISH PASSERES. iN) 
in the plumage. The new spring plumage is like that of 
winter, except that the upper-parts are rather more olivaceous, 
Abrasion makes the upper-parts considerably paler:and more 
greyish and the rump pale earth-brown tinged with olivaceous, 
so that in worn plumage the bird is more distinctly different 
from the Reed-Warbler, which does not become c's, and 
is always rusty- coloured on the rump. 
JUVENILE.—I have not been able to examine a specimen 
the data of which proved without doubt that it belonged to 
this species, but juveniles stated to be Marsh-Warblers 
appeared to be indistinguishable from a series of juvenile 
Reed-Warblers. 
Frest Wrinter.—No moulting example examined. First 
winter birds appear to be like adults, but this must be uncertain 
until moulting specimens undoubtedly belonging to this 
species are collected. 
BiytuH’s REED-WARBLER (A. dumetorum). 
Aputts.—Complete moult from July to November. From 
February to April there is a moult involving the body-feathers, 
usually the lesser and median wing-coverts and occasionally 
some greater wing-coverts and the innermost secondary, but 
not the rest of the wings nor the tail. (In all the large series 
I have examined I can find no evidence of moult in the tail 
in spring as suggested by Dr. C. B. Ticehurst, Scot. Nat., 
1916, p. 33). There is no sexual difference in the plumage. 
The new spring plumage of the upper-parts is more olivaceous 
earth-brown and not so rich an earth-brown as in winter. 
Abrasion makes the upper-parts paler, but they are always 
darker than in the Marsh-Warbler and without the rusty 
tinge of the Reed-Warbler. 
Juventin.—Upper and under-parts much like the adult 
winter Reed-Warbler, the fringes of the wing- and tail-feathers 
and upper tail-coverts especially of a decided rusty tinge. 
Not so rufous as juvenile or first winter Reed-Warbler. 
First WINTER.—The juvenile body-feathers, lesser, median 
and greater wing-coverts and innermost secondaries are 
moulted in August and September, but not the rest of the 
wings nor the tail. First winter birds can be distinguished 
from adults by the rusty fringes of the wing- and tail-feathers. 
(T'o be continued). 
