40 BRITISH BIRDS. [VOL. XI. 
spring moult except in White’s Thrush, in which some 
individuals at all events, moult their body- -feathers ; but I 
have been unable to examine sufficient spring examples 
to make sure as to whether this moult is regular or not. 
It may be remarked that the Mistle-Thrush, Dusky Thrush 
and Blackbird frequently moult a few body-feathers in 
spring, but this cannot be called a true moult as only a few 
feathers are renewed in a small proportion of individuals. 
The moult from juvenile to first winter includes in all 
the species the body-feathers, lesser and median wing-coverts, 
and a varying number of the inner greater coverts, but in 
none are the wing- or tail-feathers moulted. 
The sexes differ in plumage in the Fieldfare, Dusky and 
Black-throated Thrushes, Ring-Ouzel and Blackbird, but 
in the other species they are alike. There is no seasonal 
difference except that produced by wear, which is not very 
marked except perhaps in the Ring-Ouzel. The juveniles 
have well-marked differences from the adults. In all the 
species first winter, and in many first summer, birds can 
be distinguished from adults. 
Wauite’s THrusH (T'urdus d.. aureus). 
ApvuLts.—Complete moult in August and September. 
In March and April a moult of the body-feathers only takes 
place, at all events in some individuals; but insufficient 
material is available to determine the precise extent an 
regularity of this moult. The sexes are alike in plumage, 
The winter and ‘summer plumages are also alike, but the 
upper-parts, become greyer and less olive-brown by abrasion. 
JUVENILE.—Much like the adult, but the subterminal 
bands of the feathers of the upper-parts more yellowish, 
not so olivaceous, the feathers of the chin and under tail- 
coverts without black tips, the feathers of the rest of the 
under-parts with narrower black tips and deeper orange- 
buff subterminal bands than in the adult, the two central 
pairs of tail-feathers with yellowish-buff tips. 
First WintEer.—The juvenile body-feathers, lesser and 
‘median and inner greater wing-coverts are moulted in August 
and September, but not the outer greater coverts nor “the 
primary-coverts, wing- or tail-feathers. First winter birds 
are like the adults “except for the yellowish tips to ya 
,two central pairs of tail-feathers. 
Dusky TxurvusH (T'urdus eunomus). 
ApuLts.—Complete moult from August to October. No 
regular moult in spring, but in some examples a number of 
body-feathers are renewed in March. The female differs 

