vot. x1.}) MOULYTS OF BRITISH WADERS. 85 
some innermost secondaries and coverts, and apparently sometimes 
some median and lesser coverts, but not the rest of the wings. There 
is no difference in coloration between the winter and summer plumages 
and the sexes are alike. 
JUVENILE.—Male and female.—Like the adult, but the crown, nape 
and rest of upper-parts and innermost secondaries and coverts isabelline- 
buff, the feathers with irregular wavy sepia markings: (in the adult 
the upper-parts, innermost secondaries and coverts, are uniform 
isabelline, while the hinder part of the crown and the nape are deep 
gull-grey, concealing a black patch on the nape) ; eye-stripe light buff, 
some of the feathers spotted sepia (in the adult the eye-stripe is white) ; 
below the eye-stripe from the back of the eye to the nape, a black-brown 
line more pronounced in some than in others, the feathers with buff 
tips (in the adult this line is black) ; cheeks buffish-white as in the adult, 
but some of the feathers spotted sepia: under-parts pale isabelline 
or light buff as in adult, but some of the feathers of the upper-breast 
with irregular V-shaped sepia markings; central pair of tail-feathers 
in some with two or three irregular wavy bars of sepia; primaries 
black as in the adult, but broadly tipped buff (in the adult the primaries 
are without, or have only very narrow, buff tips); greater, median 
and lesser coverts isabelline-buff instead of isabelline as in adult, and 
with irregular V-shaped subterminal sepia markings and edged buff. 
In some the sepia markings on the greater coverts are ill-defined 
or absent. 
First Winter.—Male and female.—The body-feathers (not all the 
scapulars, nor usually all the feathers of the back and rump), apparently 
occasionally the two central pair of tail-feathers, some innermost 
secondaries and coverts, some median and lesser coverts are moulted 
from May to November, but not the rest of the tail-feathers and 
apparently not usually the rest of the wings. After this moult the 
birds are like the adults, but distinguished by the retained juvenile 
feathers of the back and rump, by the broad buff tips to juvenile 
primaries and by the retained juvenile wing-coverts. 
N.B.—In some examples it would appear that some remiges and their 
coverts are also renewed at this moult or at the pre-nuptial moult, 
though in the specimens examined none of these feathers were actually 
found in quill; the new primaries are like those of the adult and are 
without the broad buff tips. 
First SummeEer.—Male and female.—The body-feathers (but not 
all the scapulars or all the feathers of back and rump), sometimes the 
central pair of tail-feathers, some innermost secondaries and apparently 
their coverts and some median and lesser coverts are moulted from 
December to March. The first summer bird is like the adult, but 
can be distinguished by the retained juvenile hody-feathers, remiges 
and wing-coverts as in the first winter bird. 
(T'o be continued.) 
