114 BRITISH BIRDS. [Von:. (XG 
Juventte.—Male and female-—Resembles the adult in winter 
plumage but the upper-parts brown-black or dark sepia, notched and 
tipped golden, much as in juvenile and adult winter Ch. apricarvus, 
instead of fulvous-brown with the feathers slightly margined golden 
as in the adult Ch. d. dominicus ; breast fulvous, more or less streaked 
or barred darker fulvous or sepia, the feathers notched at the tip with 
pale yellow or cream, instead of edged white as in the adult; flanks 
pale fulvous, tipped and barred darker fulvous and barred white or 
cream ; belly washed pale fulvous and in some barred darker fulvous ; 
(in the adult the flanks are pale fulvous tipped white and the belly 
is white); tail-feathers sepia, indistinctly barred darker and notched 
and tipped golden (not notched and tipped white as in the adult) ; 
innermost secondaries and coverts as mantle; median and lesser 
coverts black-brown or sepia slightly notched creamy-white, or golden; 
(not fulvous-brown narrowly tipped dusky white or pale yellow as in 
the adult, in which the innermost secondaries are fulvous-brown shaded 
with bars of black-brown and very faintly edged white). 
First WINTER.—The juvenile body-plumage (not all the scapulars), 
some innermost secondaries and apparently their coverts, some median 
and lesser coverts, but apparently not the tail-feathers and not the 
rest of the wings, are moulted in autumn and winter. After this 
moult the birds cannot be distinguished with certainty from the adults. 
AsIATIC GOLDEN Ptover (Ch. d. fulvus). 
ApDULTS.—Complete moult from August to February. From March 
to May there is a partial moult involving the body-feathers (not all 
the scapulars), the central pair of tail-feathers (in some the three 
central pairs), some innermost secondaries and coverts, some median 
and lesser coverts, but not the rest of the wings or tail. A few winter 
body-feathers are sometimes retained. The winter and summer 
plumages are distinct. Ch. d. fulvus is smaller than Ch. d. dominicus 
and may also be distinguished by having the upper-parts in winter 
black-brown, the feathers notched, tipped and barred old gold, not 
fulvous-brown, with the feathers slightly margined golden as in 
Ch. d. dominicus. In summer Ch. d. fulvus has the upper-parts 
more plentifully spangled with golden and the under tail-coverts 
in both sexes are white barred with black. The sexes are alike in 
winter plumage, but in summer the female has the under-parts of a 
browner black, some feathers tipped, or more or less white, and 
plentifully intermixed with new or old white feathers; in the male, 
the under-parts are sometimes interspersed with new or old white 
feathers. 
JUVENILE.—Male and female.—Like juvenile Ch. d. dominicus, 
but has the upper-parts notched and tipped with paler golden ; breast 
golden, the feathers streaked fulvous (instead of fulvous, more or less | 
streaked or barred darker fulvous or sepia, the feathers notched 
and tipped pale yellow or cream as in Ch. d. dominicus) ; flanks white 
streaked fulvous, in some notched and tipped golden, belly and vent 
white in some with the feathers notched golden; (in Ch. d. dominicus 
the flanks are pale fulvous or white, tipped and barred darker fulvous 
and barred white or cream, and the belly is washed pale fulvous and 
in some barred darker fulvous); tail-feathers and wing-coverts as 
in Ch. d. dominicus. 
First WINTER.—The juvenile body-plumage (not all the scapulars) 
innermost secondaries and coverts, some median and lesser coverts, 
but apparently not the tail and not the rest of the wings, are moulted 
from September to January. After this moult the birds are not to 
be distinguished with certainty from the adults. 
