180 BRITISH §BIRDS. {VOL. XI. 
in some the feathers faintly edged light buff; patch on sides of the 
breast usually lighter and washed buff, some of the feathers streaked 
and marked dusky-black (in the adult the sides of the breast are ashy- 
brown, some of the feathers tipped white); tail-feathers as in the 
adult, but usually tipped light buff; median coverts dusky-brown, 
some white as in the adult, but, except white ones, edged warm or 
light buff, instead of edged buffish-brown (or tawny in some specimens) | 
as in the adult: lesser coverts asin the adult but in some with buff tips. 
First WintEer.—Male and female.—The juvenile body-plumage 
(not all the scapulars), usually the tail-feathers, innermost secondaries 
and coverts, a few median and lesser coverts are moulted from August 
to November, but not the rest of the wings. After this moult the 
birds are like the adults, but are distinguished by the buff edges 
to some retained juvenile scapulars, innermost secondaries and 
median coverts. 
First SumMER.—Moult as in the adult, after which the birds are like 
the adults in summer plumage, but are distinguished by the worn buff 
edges to the retained juvenile wing-coverts, especially the innermost 
median coverts; the male also differs from the adult male in having 
the crown more heavily streaked black-brown or black, the feathers 
narrowly edged warm buff, in some white: the black band from eye 
to eye narrower and often incomplete; nape more or less streaked 
dusky ; mantle, scapulars and innermost secondaries and new wing- 
coverts with less russet than in the adult male, and usually with rather 
more, or about the same, amount of russet as in the adult female. The 
female resembles the adult female but has less russet on the upper-parts, 
innermost secondaries and new wing-coverts. 
N.B.—Only afew median and lesser coverts and one or two innermost 
secondaries had been renewed in the female specimens examined. 
Genus Bartramia. 
BARTRAM’S SANDPIPER (Bartramia longicauda.) 
Aputts.—Complete moult from July to January. The body-moult 
appears to commence in July or August while the moult of the remiges 
is deferred till later; several specimens examined were moulting 
primaries in December and January and one in December and two in 
January the body as well. Only two spring specimens examined were 
in moult; one February 6th was moulting the body-feathers, tail- 
feathers and innermost secondaries and coverts but not the rest of the 
wings, another labelled “ Spring’’ was moulting the same and in 
addition some median and lesser coverts. There is no difference in 
coloration between the winter and summer plumages, and the sexes 
are alike. 
JUVENILE.—Male and female.—Very similar to the adult, but the 
feathers of the mantle and scapulars darker, being black-brown edged 
all round with buff, the feathers practically with no barring, except 
for some notches of black-brown on the outer edge of the scapulars 
(in the adult the mantle and scapulars are sepia glossed olive and 
feathers of mantle shaded black-brown or with subterminal black-brown 
barrings and edged sandy-brown and buff, and the scapulars with ~ 
ill-defined black barrings); median coverts sepia or ash-brown broadly 
tipped and notched with buff or cream and with a subterminal shading, 
approximating in shape a semicircle, in some a round patch, in some 
an incomplete barring, notching or bordering of dark sepia (in the 
adult the median coverts are sepia with broad buff tips and edges and. 
have two or three transverse bars of black-brown, not always well 
defined). 
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