, 

(197°) 
NOTES ON THE RELATION BETWEEN MOULT 
AND MIGRATION AS OBSERVED IN SOME 
WADERS 
BY 
ANNIE C. JACKSON, HON. MEM., B.O.U. 
Two papers have appeared in the Scottish Naturalist on 
the relation between migration and moult in birds, viz.: 
** Notes on some Passerine Birds Found Migrating in Moult,”’ 
» by Leonora Jeffrey Rintoul and Evelyn V. Baxter (Op. cit., 
1914, pages 245-252), and “‘ Notes on Migrants and Moult, 
with Special Reference to the Moults of some of our Summer 
Visitants,” by Claud B. Ticehurst (Op. cit., 1916, pages 29-38). 
In neither of the above papers has a complete study been 
made of the relation between the moult and geographical 
distribution of any one species throughout the year, and it 
occurred to me when studying the moult and sequence of 
plumages of the waders that it would be interesting to 
take one or two species and ascertain where the autumn 
and spring moults took place, whether in the breeding locali- 
ties, on migration, or in the winter quarters of each species. | 
In order to obtain the most accurate results only those species 
were chosen whose breeding-haunts and winter quarters were 
widely separate, so that it was safe to infer that examples 
obtained between these two localities were true migrants, 
and preference was given to those species in which the winter 
and summer plumages were distinct, in order that there 
might be no difficulty in determining whether a bird was 
completing its winter moult or beginning its spring moult, 
and vice versa. 
The following species were selected :— 
Caspian Plover (Charadrius asiaticus). 
American Golden Plover (C. d. dominicus). 
Asiatic Golden Plover (C. d. fulvus). 
Curlew-Sandpiper (Hrolia ferruginea). 
Little Stint (H. m. minuta). 
Temminck’s Stint (#. temminckir). 
Baird’s Sandpiper (HZ. bairdit). 
Bonaparte’s Sandpiper (H. fuscicollis). 
Semi-palmated Sandpiper (Hrewnetes pusillus). 
Broad-billed Sandpiper (Limicola falcinellus). 
Yellowshank (T'ringa flavipes). 
Greater Yellowshank (7'. melanoleuca). 
Spotted Redshank (7. eryihropus). 
