Leach, The Myology oj the Bell-Magpie. \^^ 



Emu 



July 



root of the neck and the shoulder. In the free edge of the para- 

 jmtagium is a muscle, the fibres of which spread out on the neck, 

 joining a fasciculus receiving fibres from the dermo-temporalis (3), 

 the cleido-trachealis (8), and the dermo-pectoralis (13). At the 

 distal end in Strepera a tendon almost immediately joins the 

 tendon of the tensor paiagii longus (67). Its action is to help that 

 muscle. The dermo-tensor patagii (6) is described by Shufeldt as 

 a variable muscle. He said : — " Were the variations all known 

 and appreciated, I am confident that they would be characters 

 of considerable taxonomic value." Gymnorhina and Cracticus 

 agree with Strepera. The Raven differs in having a fairly long 

 tendon for the dermo-tensor patagii before it joins the tendon from 

 the tensor-patagii longtis (67). The tendon is very elastic. 



6a. The muscle [10] [22] underlying the' humeral feather tract 

 joins the dermo-tensor patagii by a definite muscle band. 



7. The dermo-cleido dor salts [7] arises from the upper inner face 

 of the clavicle. It spreads out fan wise in several distinct branches 

 on a mesentery, which runs vertically upwards. Some of its 

 fibres join the dermo-dorsalis (4), and the der mo-iliac us (10), and 

 some spread out over the skin on the outer side of the last-named 

 muscle. 



8. The cleido-trachealis [6] [6a] [10] arises from the lower part 

 of the clavicle. It is a definite, narrow muscle, and runs along 

 the edge of the clavicle for some distance, then passes on to the 

 neck, where it gives some fibres to the fasciculus already referred 

 to as being joined by fibres from muscles (3) (6) and (13). It 

 passes on as a narrow definite band to the outer side of the upper 

 larynx, where a junction is made. 



The muscle now runs to the upper side, and in Strepera, 

 Gymnorhina, and Cracticus it joins the sterno-hyoideus (25). In 

 the Australian Raven [66] it does not join with that muscle, but 

 keeps outside of it, running forward to be inserted into the base 

 of the tongue external to the insertion of the sterno-hyoideus (23). 

 Shufeldt described a different arrangement in the American 

 Raven. He says the cleido-tracheales " are finally inserted, 

 touching each other by their inner borders on the anterior aspect 

 of the superior larynx, the trachea, and the skin over these 

 parts." 



9. The dermo-spinalis [7] is a very delicate muscle in Strepera, 

 the Australian Raven, Gymnorhina, and the Cracticus. It arises 

 in a fascia from the first, second, and third dorsal vertebrae just 

 posterior to the dermo-cleido dorsalis (7), and is soon lost to each 

 side over the scapular region. 



10. The dermo-iliacus [7] arises on each side from the inner 

 angle of the ilium. It runs forward as a narrow, definite, ribbon- 

 like band on the side of the dorsal feather tract, and continues 

 to the upper neck, where it passes directly on to the dermo- 

 temporalis (3), and is finally inserted behind the orbit on the skull. 



