Biological Future of Man 
overcoming the immune barrier would be immensely simplified 
if the heterografts came from a genetically constant source, the 
more so if the animal supplying the grafts could be purposely 
bred for this utility. At present the only adequately inbred 
mammals are small rodents. 
(4) The formal registration of all organ transplants (with 
some stated exceptions such as blood, patches of skin and simi- 
larly dispensable parts that can pose no problems of availability). 
This would furnish more precise statistics on present efforts at 
transplantation and help assure an orderly evolution of the 
technique. 
The first three of these proposals illustrate an important gap 
between academic science and its economic application which 
too often private enterprise is discouraged or inapt to fill, and 
which, unlike basic science, calls for detailed social planning. 
Man’s control of his own development, “‘euphenics’’, changes 
the means and also the ends of eugenics, as have all the pre- 
ceding cultural revolutions that have shaped the species: lan- 
guage, agriculture, political organization, the physical technolo- 
gies. Eugenics is aimed at the design of a reaction system (a 
DNA sequence) that, in a given context, will develop to a 
defined goal. But will culture stand still merely to validate the 
eugenic criteria of a past generation? And for a given end, the 
means will have shifted: the best inborn pattern for normal 
development will not always react best to euphenic control. 
Should biologists give first priority to long-range eugenic 
concerns of human genotype, or to the gravely imminent issues 
of human numbers and phenotype: the allocation of intelli- 
gence, motivation and longevity ? 
When euphenics has worked itself out we should have a 
catalogue of biochemically well-defined parameters for res- 
ponses now describable only in vague functional terms. ‘Then 
we shall more confidently design genotypically programmed 
reactions, in place of evolutionary pressures, and search for 
further innovations. 
Eugenics and euphenics are the biological counterparts of 
education, a panacea that has a longer but equally contentious 
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