Biological Possibilities in the Next Ten Thousand Years 
I believe that much of our unhappiness, frustration, and 
conflict, arises from the divorce between muscular skill and sym- 
bolic expression. Once a craftsman can explain in words or 
other symbols how he uses his hands, a singer how she uses her 
larynx, a new era in physiology will open. Future cultures will, 
I believe, respect craftsmanship more than we do, and almost 
everyone will devote some time to it. It is striking how much 
more we know about our sense organs than our muscles. ‘There 
may be common defects of muscular co-ordination as clear-cut 
as myopia, and as easily corrected. 
Such heightened consciousness may be developed in many 
ways. Yehudi Menuhin, besides a capacity for sound analysis 
which may be no better than that of some musical critics, pos- 
sesses a very high bimanual skill, that is to say capacity for 
co-ordinating the movements of his two hands. This may be 
commoner than is thought. Here is a way in which it might be 
employed. 
Two-dimensional graphs have given us enormous insight into 
functions of a real variable. I can hardly think of a sine, a 
logarithm, or a Bessel function without thinking of its graph. 
Once one has seen a few graphs, Rolle’s theorem, that an alge- 
braic polynomial has at least one turning point between each 
pair of zeros, is intuitively obvious, and many more sophisticated 
theorems are at least plausible. But for similar intuition about a 
complex variable one would need a four-dimensional graph. 
Supposing however that we train a child known by still non- 
existent tests to have the capacity for bimanual skill, to trace 
out lines on the (x, y) plane with his or her left hand, and simul- 
taneously the corresponding curves in the (u, v) plane with his 
right hand, where u+-iw = f (x-+1y), f being some simple func- 
tion, what may we expect? To take an example, if u+i= 
exp(x+iy), then horizontal straight lines =a in the (x, 9) 
plane correspond to circles u2-+-v2=e?* centred at the origin in 
the (a, v) plane. Vertical lines y =) in the (x, y) plane corres- 
pond to straight lines v =u tan ) through the origin in the (u, v) 
plane. Would a child trained to trace out such sets of lines 
simultaneously be able to transform other simple curves? Would 
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