Three Historical Appraisals: Catalyzing 13 



to be together and recognized this. The result has revolution- 

 ized the modern Navy, and changed and strengthened our 

 entire national defense posture. 



While these examples are particularly clear and definite we 

 should also recall that many other major advances in the tech- 

 nology of defense, were first conceived and pursued under the 

 sponsorship of ONR because the same sponsorship had played 

 a role in the underlying basic discoveries and their recognition 

 as relevant to the purpose on hand. Some interesting examples 

 include the electrostatically suspended gyro, the MASER and 

 LASER, modern electronic navigation system, explosive echo 

 ranging, and the understanding of the sea surface that led to 

 modern oceanwave forecasting. American science and engineer- 

 ing, as well as the U.S. Navy, owe a debt of gratitude to the 

 Office of Naval Research and to the people who have made it 

 effective for the past 20 years. I look forward with you to 

 great future accomplishments. 



