Science and Public Policy: National Security 



95 



Billions of dollars 



SOURCE: NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION 



49 50 



4 2 ^4-« 



Basic 



Applied 



Development 



Figure 4. — Federal obligations for research and development, 

 by agency and character of work. 



curity in our times. The interesting question is not the justifica- 

 tion of these efforts, whose products are already evident to our 

 nation and to the world. Rather, it is a need to understand 

 more deeply the role of science in achieving the defense we 

 have and in preparing for the compelling and sobering chal- 

 lenges to our security in the years to come. 



Indeed, we know well enough how the 

 science of the past vicennium has sup- 

 ported our major defensive activities. 

 Microwave generation, transmission and 

 reception have enabled the use of radar, 

 guided missiles, ballistic missiles and fire control systems. 

 Nuclear fission and energy have enabled modern strategic 



Evident Role of 

 Science in Military 

 Facilities 



