B • TURBULENT FLOW 



Yeh, H., Rose, W. G., and Lien, H. Further investigation on fully developed turbu- 

 lent flows in a curved channel. The Johns Hopkins Univ. Dept. Mech. Eng. Rept., 

 1956. 



Cited references [73,76,77,87,89,93]. 



Structure of turbulence in a free flow {jet, wake). In a free flow, the 

 intermittencies produced near the boundary of the flow play an important 

 role in the characteristics of the flow and the structure of turbulence. The 

 shear flow in the present case has a weak mean velocity gradient, so that 

 the spectrum of energy is not far from the spectrum of an isotropic turbu- 

 lence. However, here a spectrum of shear exists, in contrast to its absence 

 in isotropic flow. 



Chou, P. Y. On an extension of Reynolds' method of finding apparent stress and the 



nature of turbulence. Chinese J. Phys. 4, 1-33 (1940). 

 Corrsin, S., and Uberoi, M. S. Spectra and diffusion in a round turbulent jet. NACA 



Rept. 1040, 1951. 

 Hinze, J., and van der Hegge Zijnen, B. G. Heat and mass transfer in the turbulent 



mixing zone of an axially symmetrical jet. Proc. Seventh Intern. Congress Appl. 



Mech., London, 1948. 

 Kalinske, A. A., and Pien, C. C. Eddy diffusion. Ind. Eng. Chem. 36, 220-223 (1944). 

 Kovdsznay, L. S. G. Hot-wire investigation of the wake behind cylinders at low 



Reynolds numbers. Proc. Roy. Soc. London A198, 174-190 (1949). 

 Laurence J. C. Intensity, scale, and spectra of turbulence in mixing region of free 



subsonic jet. NACA Rept. 1292, 1956. 

 Laurence, J. C., and Stickney, T. M. Further measurements of intensity, scale, and 



spectra of turbulence in a subsonic jet. NACA Tech. Note 3576, 1956. 

 Squire, H. B. Reconsideration of the theory of free turbulence. Phil. Mag. 39, 1-20 



(1948). 

 Swain, L. M. On the turbulent wake behind a body of revolution. Proc. Roy. Soc. 



London A125, 647-659 (1929). 

 Tamaki, H., and Oshima, K. Experimental studies on the wake behind a row of 



heated parallel rods. Proc. First Japan. Natl. Congress. Appl. Mech., 459-464 



(1951). 

 Cited references [94,112,113,114,115,116,121,123,124,126]. 



Structure of turbulence connected with turbulent diffusion and heat 

 transfer. In both the statistical and phenomenological theories of the 

 structure of shear turbulence, of bounded or free flows, turbulent dif- 

 fusion plays an important role. A thorough coverage of turbulent dif- 

 fusion is not intended, and only those works dealing with the mechanism 

 of diffusion which help in better understanding the structure of turbu- 

 lence are listed below, leaving aside works mainly connected with appli- 

 cations of diffusion. 



Batchelor, G. K., Binnie., A. M., and Phillips, O. M. The mean velocity of discrete 



particles in turbulent flow in a pipe. Proc. Phys. Soc. London B68, 1095-1104 



(1955). 

 Batchelor, G. K., and Townsend, A. A. Turbulent diffusion. Surveys in Mechanics, 



pp. 353-399. Cambridge Univ. Press, 1956. 

 Beckers, H. L. Heat transfer in turbulent tube flow. Appl. Sci. Research A6, 147 



(1956). 

 Brier, G. W. The statistical theory of turbulence and the problem of diffusion in the 



atmosphere. J. Meteorol. 7, 283-290 (1950). 



( 188 ) 



