74 Conception, Birth and Infancy in 



288 Z. Zanetti, La medicina, 155. 



289 M Pasquarelli, op. cit. (see note 4), XV, 503. The less agreeable method: 

 G. Di Giovanni, op. cit. (see note 256), 71. For the least rueful way to admin- 

 ister it to the young see C. Coronedi-Berti, op. cit. (see note 6), 8-9. 



290 Z. Zanetti, La 'medicina, 156 and note 1. 



291 Z. Zanetti, La medicina, op. cit., 157. The Pennsylvania German may put 

 pulverized glass there, in the belief, I suppose, that it is the external point nearest 

 to the worms: E. M. Fogel, op. cit. (see note 24), 269, no. 1395. 



292 G. Pitre, op. cit. (see note 46), 397. 



293 Z. Zanetti, La medicina, 254; G. Bellucci, Catalogue (see note 45), tab. VII; 

 cf. G. Palumbo, "Credenze e superstizioni salentine", Rivista delle tradizioni 

 popolari italiane, I (1893-1894), 618; S. Seligmann, op. cit. (see note 46), 205. 



294 Z. Zanetti, loc. cit. (corno di serpente); 258; G. Bellucci, Catalogue (see 

 note 45), 60, no. 27; P. Saintyves, "Talismans et reliques tombes du del", Revue 

 des etudes ethnographiques et sociologiques, II, 183. 



295 JV#. 37.164. 



296 G. Bellucci, Catalogue (see note 45), 60, no. 27. 



297 Z. Zanetti, La medicina, 155 ; S. Raccuglia, "Medicina popolare siciliana", 

 Rivista delle tradizioni popolari italiane, I (1893-1894), 727. 



298 P. H. Williams, op. cit. (see note 4), 168. 



299 Z. Zanetti, La medicina, 156; Nonne e bambini, 33. Cf. T. J. Pettigrew, 

 On Superstition Connected with the History and Practice of Medicine and 

 Surgery, 104. 



300 M. Pasquarelli, op. cit. (see note 4), XV, 503. Another chief cause of the 

 infestation is eating cheese, loc. cit. 



301 E. Canziani, op. cit. (see note 45), 214. 



302 Encic. ital, s.v. "Animale", 369. A little saliva spat into its mouth by 

 somebody who has known its great-grandfather or great-grandmother is supposed 

 to help: G. M. Cossu, "Tradizioni, superstizioni e credenze sarde", Rivista delle 

 tradizioni popolari italiane, I (1893-1894), 222. Italy has, of course, no mo- 

 nopoly of such fantastic notions. In Cheshire the frog cure is advised for 

 whooping-cough: C. J. S. Thompson, The Hand of Destiny, 153. The Yorkshire 

 child whose sore throat has been cured by the live frog held in its mouth by the 

 legs can thereafter cure any other case of it by merely blowing into the sufferer's 

 mouth: Notes and Queries, Ser. 4, IX" (1872), 401; cf. Ser. 1, V (1852), 393; 

 Ser. 2, IX (1866), 319; Ser. 7, XI (1891), 470; Ser. 12, VII (1920), 246. 

 In Devonshire we learn that the victim of thrush should inhale the cold breath 

 of a duck from its open bill inserted in his mouth, op. cit., Ser. 1, VIII (1853); 

 cf. Ser. 9, XII (1903), 47. An alternative term for thrush is frog, and a some- 

 what similar disease called thrush attacks the frog or frush of a horse's hoof. 

 Let those who are interested in the influence of words on folkmedicine ponder 

 these. As for the disease itself, which is credited to a fungus, the reader may 

 consult E. L. Stone, The Newborn Infant, 233; Sir James F. Goodhart, op. cit. 

 (see note 280), 199-200. The term is often applied loosely to any sore mouth: 

 D. Williams, op. cit. (see note 281), 294. 



303 A. De Nino, op. cit. (see note 66), II, 31. Inserting a fish in the mouth 

 as a cure of whooping-cough has been reported from Philadelphia: Notes and 



