102 
On the Hieracia of North Yorkshire and Teesdale. By 
JoHn G. Baker. 
(Continued from page 51.*) 
In his monograph, Fries has treated the genus as subdivided 
into five series or subgenera, each of which he considers might 
be employed as separate genera in a narrower sense. These he 
calls Pilosella, Aurella, Pulmonarea, Stenotheca, and Aceipitrina. 
The species which make up the fourth mentioned series are mostly 
confined to America, and none of them occur within the limits of 
Europe, so that when treating of British or Yorkshire Hieracia 
we may dismiss it from consideration. But each of the others is 
more or less numerously represented in our field of research, and. 
I have therefore given below an abstract of his observations rela- 
tive to their characteristics. 
1. Pilosella. Mode of propagation by emergent or subter- 
ranean stolons. Phyllaries irregularly imbricated. Ligules gla- 
brous at the apex. Pappus -with very slender rays, all of which 
are arranged in a single row.—Best known by its diminutive 
achenia. 
2. Aurella. Mode of propagation by rosettes. Herb glaucous 
or glandulose or green. Phyllaries numerous, arranged in many 
contiguous series. Achenia comparatively large, ribbed, trun- 
cate at the apex. Pappus rigid, its rays arranged in two obscure 
rows, longer and shorter intermixed.—Alpime plants, commonly 
with large showy flowers, and contiguous anthele (2. e. leaves 
passing gradually upwards into bracts without any sudden 
transition). A well-bounded series, although the lowest forms of 
the Villosi resemble Pilosella, and H. alpinum with its allies ap- 
proach Pulmonarea (H. nigrescens belonging decidedly to Pul- 
monared) . 
3. Pulmonarea. Mode of propagation by rosettes. Radical 
leaves persistent, primordial rounded. Phyllaries imbricated 
irregularly, outer considerably shortest. Achenia striated, 
usually shorter than those of the Aurelle, but considerably larger 
than those of the Péloselle. Pappus rigid, its rays arranged in 
two obscure rows.—'ypically mountainous and alpestral plants, 
but many common species descend also into the plains. An- 
thele mostly separate. This is the central series, and ap- 
* Erratum: page 51, line 3, for “ medza of situation,” read “factors of situation.” 
