450 BOTANICAL TOUR IN THE 
truly wild in every station where it grew, is not affirmed; but it 
does not appear likely that it was ever planted for a hedge-plant, 
~. for which purpose it is worthless. It is also certain that the roads 
and the hedges too are of a very recent origin. These vales and 
passes were surely covered with woods, as they are still, except in 
spots that have been cleared for cultivation and for roads; conse- 
quently we may look for, and expect to see, in the hedges repre- 
sentatives of all the ligneous vegetation of the locality or district 
through which the road with its double hedge passes. One of the 
most conspicuous plants in these partsis Corydahs claviculata, the 
white climbing Fumitory. This species, which with us in the south 
of England is an insignificant, humble object, imparting no cha- 
racter whatever to the scenery around, here covers the thatched 
roofs of cottages, creeps over ruins and rocks, somewhat like Ivy, 
and oftentimes completely covers, with its elegant foliage and its 
graceful flowers, large spaces of several square yards extent. 
Galium boreale and several Hieracia, few of them as yet in blos- 
som, fringed the margin of the beautiful and rapid stream which 
issues from Loch Lubnaig, “where Lubnaig’s loch supplies the 
Teith.” This river flows, or rather falls and rushes, through the 
Pass of Leny, and meets the other branch of the Teith which 
comes from Loch Katrine through the Lochs Achray and Venna- 
char. These two fine streams unite a little above Callander, and 
in their fork enclose, on two sides, a beautiful meadow and some 
very fertile fields. The base of the famous mountain Ben Ledi, 
which is bounded by Loch Vennachar on the south and by 
Loch Lubnaig on the north and north-east, is washed as well as 
bounded by these two branches, which, by their union, form the 
Teith. . 
In the evening we walked out across the Teith on the cow- 
pasture lying to the west of Callander, between the road which 
is the nearest way to the Trosachs—but not the coach-road— 
and the road to Port Menteith. In the boggy places here we 
collected Pinguicula vulgaris, Narthecium-ossifragum, not yet in 
flower (4th of July), Gymnadenia conopsea, the most fragrant of 
our native Orchids, especially in a moist or dewy evening, and 
the Cotton Grass (Hriophorum angustifolium), a plant famous in 
Celtic poetry :— 
“Oh, what is fairer than the Canna, waving in the breeze, 
When summer laughs in flowery pride, and verdure clothes the trees ?” 
