622 TiiiRSK NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY. [November, 



vulgare, and Hieracium crocatum, and in the fields abundance of 

 Geranium syhaticum, and Carduus heterophyllus , This is perhaps 

 the most picturesque portion of the upper part of the stream. 

 On the left towers the huge bulk of Keasdon^ girdled to the 

 summit with broken terraces of crag. In front^ up the vista of 

 a narrow sylvan valley^ the distant outline of some of the crescent 

 peaks may be faintly discerned. The lower bands of limestone 

 edge the stream with long bands of scar, and at the bottom it 

 falls over a calcareous cliflP from twenty to thirty feet in depth, 

 forming the waterfall that bears the name of Keasdon Force. 

 By the riverside here grow Trollius europaus and Rubus saxatilis, 

 and in some of the crevices of the rocks near the fall, Asplenium 

 viride, Distichium capillaceum, Mnium serratum, Gymnostomum 

 rupestre, Neckera crispa, and Bartramia (Ederi. The little vil- 

 lage of Keld stands considerably above the level of the river, on 

 the north-western slope of Keasdon, and here we took up our 

 quarters for the night. Professor Phillips laments the want of 

 proper accommodation in this neighbourhood, but I fancy that 

 the reason of this is that he has not hit upon the right place, and 

 has stayed down at Muker instead of coming up to Keld. Upon 

 this head I Avill only say that we can bear testimony that there 

 is no need for any one to be deterred from visiting Upper Swale- 

 dale by the fear that it is a country where comfortable enter- 

 tainment is not within reach. 



" Two valleys, called respectively East and West Stonesdale, run 

 up due north opposite Keasdon, with only a narrow ridge between 

 them, and the main stream of the Swale is formed by the junc- 

 tion of three principal forks from the west, near the point of 

 union of which another dale runs up to the north-west, which is 

 formed of two branches that take their rise upon the south- 

 eastern slope of Nine Standards. Acting upon the recommen- 

 dation of the estimable Independent minister of Keld, it was 

 this latter valley, which bears the name of Whitstondale, that 

 we determined to follow up. The morning of the 16th opened 

 with heavy rain, and the weather continued more or less un- 

 favourable during the whole course of the day, but not so much 

 so as to inconvenience us seriously. By the roadside near Keld 

 (350 yards) grow Galium Mollugo, in damp places Epilobium 

 obscurum and Dicranum squarrosum, and in cultivated ground 

 Senecio vulgaris and Capsella. Upon the rocks by the Swale- 



