MATTHAI— RECENT COLONIAL ASTR^ID^ 43 



under the present species. A large specimen from Koseir (Ked Sea), named C. serailia by 

 Klunzinger, belongs to the present <species. 



Quelch's new species, C. hrueggemanni, is represented by a single small specimen 

 (4'5 X 4 cm.) from Mactan Island, Philippines, in which the primary and secondary septa 

 are similar, both orders meeting the columella ; a giant corallite is present with eighteen 

 septa meeting the columella. From his description it might be inferred that he had more 

 than one example of the species. Another small badly cleaned specimen, from the same 

 locality referred by Quelch to C microphthahna (Lam.) also appears to belong to 

 C. chalcidicum. 



Studer's figure of C. ocellina agrees with Klunzinger's figure of C. chalcidicum-, but 

 I have not been able to examine the original. The identity of Vaughan's examples of 

 C. ocellina with the present species is somewhat doubtful, since in his PI. XXV, fig. 5 a, 

 the septa appear thicker and rougher than in my specimens, in this respect approaching 

 more the condition in C serailia. 



Localities. Red Sea (5). Maldives, Goidu (4). Chagos, Salomon (2). Singapore (2). 

 Ceylon (1 small). Rotuma (1). Also from Antilles (Milne Edwards and Haime), 

 Phihppines (Quelch), Laysan (Studer), Sandwich Islands (Dana), Hawaiian Islands 

 (Vaughan). 



8. Cyphastrea migrophthalua (Lamarck) (PL 7, fig. 6 ; PL 12, figs. 4 — 9 ; PL 13, 

 figs. 1,2,7; PL 34, fig. 4). 



1775. Madrepora serailia (pars), Forski,!, Descr. Anim. in Itin. Orient., p. 136. 



1797. Madrepora interstincta, Esper. Fortz. Pfianz., p. 10, pi. 34, figs. 1 — 3 (non Madrepora interstincta, 

 Linnseus). 



1815. Astrea interstincta, Oken, Lehrb. Naturg., i, p. 66. 



1816. Astrea microphthalma, Lamarck, Hist. Amin. sans vert., ii, p. 261 — 2^ ddit., p. 408. 

 1834. Explanaria galaxia, Ehrenberg, Corall. roth. Meer., p. 82 (non Astrea galaxea, Lamarck). 



1850. Cyphastrea microphthalma, Milne Edwards and Haime, Ann. Sci. Nat., Zool., 3'' ser., x, pi. 9, figs. 5, 



5 a. and h, xii, p. 114. 



1850. Cyphastrea savignyi, Milne Edwards and Haime, Ann. Sci. Nat., Zool., 3*^ ser., xii, p. 116. 



1850. Solenastrea forskaliana, Milne Edwards and Haime, Ann. Sci. Nat., Zool., 3" ser., xii, p. 123. 



1851. Cyphastrea miiUeri, Milne Edwards and Haime, Pol. foss. terr. paleoz., etc., p. 100. 

 1857. Cyphastrcea microphthahna, Milne Edwards and Haime, Hist. Nat. Corall., ii, p. 485. 

 1857. Cyphastrcea savignyi, Milne Edwards and Haime, Hist. Nat. Corall., ii, p. 485. 

 1857. Cyphastrcea muelleri, Milne Edwards and Haime, Hist. Nat. Corall., ii, p. 486. 

 1857. Solenasti-cea forskoilana, Mihie Edwards and Haime, Hist. Nat. Corall., ii, p 497. 

 1879. Cyphastrcea savignyi, Klunzinger, Korall. Roth. Meer., iii, p. 51, pi. 5, fig. 7. 



1879. Cyphastrcea serailia, Klunzinger, Korall. Roth. Meer., iii, p. 52, pi. 5, fig. 4 and pi. 10, figs. 12a and h. 

 188G. Cyphastrcea aspera, Quelch, Reef Cofals, Challenger Reports, Zool., vol. xvi, pt. xlvi, p. 107, pi. 4, 



figs. 3— 3 a. 

 1904. Cyphastrcea microphthalma, Gardiner, Fauua Geogr. Maldives and Laccadives, ii, p. 779. 



Corallum. Growth-form irregular, usually raised into hillocks. Peritheca dense, 

 vesicles more or less filled up with spines, more abundant than in C. chalcidicum and 

 arranged in rows around corallites leading up to the exsert ends of septa, each spine with 

 side spinules, hence appearing star-shaped from above. Corallites usually close to one 

 another, not projecting, or at most up to 75 mm. Calices about 1"25 mm. in diameter, 

 interior obscured owing to considerable thickness of septa. 



6—2 



