44 PERCY SLADEN TRUST EXPEDITION 



Septa slightly exsert, arched above peritheca, sides with short spines rougher and 

 somewhat more pointed than in C. serailia, marginal teeth slender and spinous. As 

 a rule, two of the secondary septa exocoelic and appearing to belong to the third order 

 (as there are usually only four secondary mesenterial couples in the polyps), and only eight 

 tertiary exocoelic septa ; of these ten septa meeting the columella equally thick, the 

 remaining ten very narrow and alternating with them. Costse sunk in peritheca, 

 represented by the rows of spines leading up to the exsert septa. Columella thicker 

 than in the last two species with higher rods projecting into calyx. Corallum rougher 

 than in any other species. 



Polyps, (l) Secondary entocoelic tentacles present. (2) In some tentacles one or 

 two sub-terminal batteries. (3) Entocoelic pleats not so well developed as in C. chal- 

 cidicum, nor covering more than the outer half of primary mesenteries ; non-pleatal region 

 of mesoglsea thicker than in same species and only slightly thinner than pleatal region. 

 (4) Endoderm thickening from skeletal attachments of primary mesenteries to stomodeeal 

 attachments of same. (5) Endoderm over stomodeeum thick. (6) Filaments absent 

 from secondary mesenteries. 



Remarks. A. Polyps. A varying number of primary mesenteries do not reach 

 the stomodseum, but at least one in every couple joins it. Three to six secondary 

 couples are present, usually four. 



Polyps examined, eleven, five from one specimen, three from a second specimen, three 

 from a third specimen (all Red Sea). 



B. Corallum. Milne Edwards and Haime have referred three specimens to 

 Cyphastrcea microphthalma, with which my examples agree completely, the largest from 

 Australia measuring 18x12 '5 xll cm.; of the remaining two, somewhat rubbed down 

 specimens from Oceania, one (5 x 4"5 x 2'5 cm.) is in Lamarck's collection, evidently his 

 type of Astrea microphthalma (PL 12, fig. 9). Resembling these are Milne Edwards and 

 Haime's three original examples of Cyphastrcea savignyi from the R,ed Sea, two of which 

 are large (20x18x16 cm. and 18 X 10 X 13'5 cm.), the third very small and broken 

 All these specimens are characterised by ten septa meeting the columella in each corallite 

 and an equal number of very narrow alternating septa, dense peritheca, and prominent 

 psrithecal spines arranged in rows leading up to the exsert ends of the septa (PL 13, 

 fig. 1). At present there are no specimens in the Paris museum named Cyphastrea 

 muelleri, Ed. and H., or SolenastrcBa forskcelana, Ed. and H., but from Milne Edwards and 

 Haime's descriptions of these two species they do not appear to be in any way diiferent 

 from C. microphthalma. A large specimen from Koseir named Solenastrea chalcidicum 

 by Klunzinger belongs to C. microphthalmia. 



Resembling Milne Edwards and Haime's types above referred to are six specimens in 

 the Berlin Museum, which Ehrenberg had originally referred to Explanaria galaxia, but 

 which Klunzinger later brought under Cyphastrcea savignyi, one of which he has figured. 

 Klunzinger's example (13x7 cm.) of Cyphastrea serailia is identical with the edge region 

 of specimen no. 12 on p. 47, both having projecting corallites. 



Quelch's new species Cyphastrea aspera is based upon a very small specimen 

 (4 X 3"5 cm.) from Api, New Hebrides; its calices are somewhat deeper, but in all other 



