MATTHAI— RECENT COLONIAL ASTR^ID^ 45 



respects it resembles C microiJihtlialma. Three specimens of the " Pola" expedition which 

 Marenzeller has referred to Cyphastrea savignyi, Ed. and H., are good examples of the 

 present species. 



One of Forskal's originals oi Madrepora serailia, measuring 18xl2"5x8 cm. (PL 13, 

 fig. 2) is identical with my Red Sea examples of C. microphthalma. Agreeing with these 

 completely is Esper's PI. 34, fig. 3 of Madrepora interstincta. According to Milne 

 Edwards and Haime, Madrepora interstincta, Linnaeus, is a fossil millepore, Heliolites 

 interstincta. 



Localities. Red Sea (19). Chagos: Salomon (7) ; Egmont (2). Amirante 20 — 25 

 fms. (1). Saya de Malha 29 fms. (l). Coetivy (l). Maldives: Addu 40 fms. (l); Turadu 

 (1); Suvadiva 31 fms. (l). Also from Australia (Milne Edwa,rds and Haime), ? New 

 Hebrides (Quelch), loc. ? (Esper). 



4. Cyphastrea suvadiva, Gardiner (PI. 7, fig. 7 ; 13, fig. 3 ; 34, fig. 6). 



1889. Cyphastroea muelleri, Ortmann, Steinkorall. Sud. Ceylons, Zool. Jahrb., iv, p. 530. 

 1904. Cyphastrcea suvadiva, Gardiner, Fauna Geogr., Maldives and Laccadives, ii, p. 780. 

 1904. Cyphastrcea maldivensis, Gardiner, Fauna Geogr. Maldives and Laccadives, ii, p. 780. 



Corallum. Incrusting, thin, comparatively light. Peritheca vesicular, vesicles on 

 surface like blisters, often with walls incomplete, but where complete granula,r, dissepi- 

 ments very thin and wider apart than in all previous species. Corallites from 2 — 4 mm. 

 apart, not projecting. Calices about 1'5 mm. in diameter, shallower than in other 

 species. 



Septa slightly or not at all exsert, very thin, sides smooth or slightly rough; 

 primaries as thin as secondaries, both orders meeting columella and having long, pointed, 

 spinous teeth extending over the axial fossa. Costse sunk in peritheca. Columella more 

 openly trabecular than in C. chalcidicum, hardly any rods projecting into calyx. 



Professor Gardiner's type specimens of C. suvadivce were all very small broken pieces; 

 the shallow, closed-in nature of the corallites may be due to the pieces having been broken 

 ofi" the edge of a large specimen. 



Polyps, (l) Secondary entocoelic tentacles present. (2) A single, sub-terminal 

 battery on each primary entocoelic tentacle — none on others. (3) Entocoelic pleats only 

 in the second quarter of width of primary mesenteries from skeletal attachment, well 

 constricted at their bases, comparatively few in number (from 8 — 11, in last two species 

 over 20), thinner and further apart than in any previous species; mesenterial mesoglsea 

 also thinner. , (4) Endoderm a thin layer in the first quarter of width of primary 

 mesenteries, thickening towards stomodaeal attachment, but less than in C. microph- 

 thalma. (5) Endoderm over stomodseum thick. (6) Filaments absent from secondary 

 mesenteries. 



Remarks. A. Polyps. Nematocysts I are closely packed in the terminal batteries, 

 while type II b are nearly absent. Nematocysts II are of common occuiTence in the 

 convolutions of the mesenterial filaments, while III are less frequently found. In the 

 first quarter of primary mesenteries the mesoglaea is extremely thin. The endoderm 

 is less vacuolated than in C. microphthalma ; in the edge-zone, oral- disc and upper half of 



