MATTHAI— RECENT COLONIAL ASTR^ID^ 79 



extreme species like F. acropora and F. hirsuta. Indeed, it is possible that a comparative 

 study of the polyps of the three known species with the largest corallites, viz. F. hirsuta, 

 F. vasta, and F. favosa, may afford sufficient data for grouping them under a separate 

 genus. Till then, I consider the present arrangement as the most satisfactory. 



A study of polyp-morphology has revealed how unnatural the genera Heliastrcea 

 and Orhicella are as constituted respectively by Milne Edwards and Haime and Gardiner. 

 Of the species of Heliastrcea, Ed. and H., not represented in my collection, H. conferata, 

 H. cavernosa, H. lamarchana, and H. stellulata, would, in all probability, prove to have 

 bilateral and radial symmetries. H. radiata and H. quadrangularis are represented, 

 in the Paris Museum, each by a small completely worn-out specimen useless for specific 

 determination and H. gigas by an example consisting of only two sectioned corallites. 

 Milne Edwards and Haime constituted a new genus and species, — Ulastrcea crispata, 

 for two small bits of coralla from the Indian Ocean, one incrusting on a Gasteropod 

 shell and the other on a piece of stone ; there is little doubt that these two examples 

 belong to Favia but they are too small for determination. These authors also created the 

 genus Phymastrea on the strength of a single skeletal character, viz. the presence of 

 definite inter-corallite grooves ; a character shared by many species of Favia. 



Distribution. Indian and Pacific Oceans. Jurassic to Recent (Eastman after 

 Zittel). 



1. Favia favus (Forskal). (PI. 9, fig. 2; 20, figs. 1—6; 21, figs. 1—8; 22, figs. 

 1—5 ; 32, fig. 1 ; 35, figs. 1 and 2.) 



1775. Madrepora favus (pars), ForsMI, Descr. Anim. in Itin. Orient., p. 132. 



1775. Madrepora cavernosa, Forsk&l, Descr. Anim. in Itin. Orient., p. 132 (non Madrepora cavernosa, Esper 



or Klunzinger). 

 1786. Madrepora denticulata, Ellis and Solander, Nat. Hist. Zooph., p. 166, pi. 49, fig. 1 (non Favia denticu- 



lata, Gardiner). 

 1816. Astrea denticulata, Lamarck, Hist. Anim. sans vert., ii, p. 263 ; 2" edit., p. 413. 

 1830. Dipsastrea denticulata, Blainville, Diet. Sci. Nat., Ix, p. 338 ; Manuel d'Actin. p. 373. 



1833. Astrea ananas, Quoy and Gaimard, Voy. I'Astrol, Zooph., p. 207, pi. 16, figs. 6 and 7 (non Astrea 



ananas, Lamarck). 



1834. Favia versipora, Ehrenberg, Corall. roth. Meer., p. 93 (non Astrea versipora, Lamarck). 

 1834. Favia denticulata, Ehrenberg, Corall. roth. Meer., p. 94. 



? 1834. Astroea deformis, Ehrenberg, Corall. roth. Meer., p. 96 (non Astrea deformis, Lamarck). 



1850. Prionastrea rousseaui (pars), Milne Edwards and Haime, Ann. Sci. Nat., Zool, 3'' sen, xii, p. 131. 



? 1850. Prionastrea seycheUensis, Milne Edwards and Haime, Ann. Sci. Nat., Zool., 3" ser., xii, p. 132. 



1850. Parastrea denticidata, Milne Edwards and Haime, Ann. Sci. Nat., Zool., 3'^ ser., xii, p. 167. 



1850. Parastrea affinis, Milne Edwards and Haime, Ann. Sci. Nat., Zool., Z" ser., xii, p. 167 (non Favia affinis, 

 Gardiner). 



1850. Parastrea deformata, Milne, Edwards and Haiaie, Ann. Sci. Nat., Zool., 3'= ser., xii, p. 168. 



1850. Parastrea rousseaui, Milne Edwards and Haime, Ann. Sci. Nat., Zool., 3"= ser., xii, p. 168. 



1850. Pai-astrea amicorum, Milne Edwards and Haime, Ann. Sci. Nat., Zool., 3" ser., x, pi. 9, fig. 9, and xii, 

 p. 171. 



1850. Parastrea saviynyi, Milne Edwards and Haime, Ann. Sci. Nat., Zool., 3" ser., xii, p. 173. 



1857. Favia denticulata, Milne Edwards and Haime, Hist. Nat. Corall., ii, p. 428. 



1 1857. Favia affinis, Milne Edwards and Haime, Hist. Nat. Corall., ii, 429. 



1857. Favia rousseaui, Milne Edwards and Haime, Hist. Nat. Corall., ii, p. 429. 



1857. Favia amicorum, Milne Edwards and Haime, Hist. Nat. Corall., ii, p. 431. 



1857. Favia Jacquinoti, Milne Edwards and Haime, Hist. Nat. Corall., ii, p. 433 = Parastrea jacquinoti, Valen- 

 ciennes, Mss., Catal. Mus. Paris. 



