PIXELL—POLYCH ATA OF THE INDIAN OCEAN 87 
The Vermiliopsis infundibulum, Lang (fully described by Saint-Joseph, 46), has a 
terminal tooth to its operculum, a greater number (15—16) of teeth to its uncini and 
apparently no swollen ends to its branchiz. Both Gravier and Saint-Joseph record that 
in these species the operculum occurs on the left—they seem to have plenty of specimens 
for examination, so presumably the position is constant in this genus. In all the 
specimens of Vermiliopsis pygidialis that I have been able to examine it occurs on the 
right, as also in Willey’s specimen from South-West Cheval Paar, Ceylon. 
Genus FinocrRaNa (Oken) (88) 1815. 
Characteristics were originally given by Berkeley (5) to correspond with his 
previously described Filograna implexa (4). 
Saint-Joseph (44, p. 335) takes the genus Filograna to include the sub-genus 
Filograna s. str. with two opercula as in F. implexa, and also the sub-genus Salmacina 
including S. imerustans, Claparéde (12) and S. edificatrix, also S. (Filograna) hualeyr, 
Ehlers (51), as well as S. dyster1, Huxley (28). 
According to this arrangement the characteristics of the genus would be: 1. Tubes 
very slender, filiform, colonial. 2. Branchize 8. 3. Thorax with 7—9 segments. 
4. Collar setee with a large fin-like expansion at base of blade. 5. Other thoracic 
setze sickle-shaped (setze of Salmacina) or ordinary bladed forms. 6. Abdominal setze 
more or less geniculate and serrated. 7. Hermaphrodite. 
Sub-genus Satmacina, Claparéde. 
Generic characteristics: 1. No operculum. 2. The ends of the eight branchiz may 
or may not have spathulate enlargements due to the presence of large granular cells. 
Prof. McIntosh, in a paper communicated to the British Association in Sept. 1912, 
still upholds the view that Filograna implexa and Salmacina dysteri are identical, 
stating that both are to be found in the same colony in some places. 
20. Salmacina dyster: (Huxley). 
Protula dystert, Huxley (28) 1855; Claparede (11) 1863. 
Filopora filograna, Dalyell (18) 1853. 
Salmacina dysteri, Giard (19) 1876; Saint-Joseph (44) 1894; Gravier (21) 1908; 
Pixell (41a) 1913. 
Specific characteristics: 1. Branchizw 8 with spathulate enlargements containing 
granular masses at their ends. Similar granules occur at the end of the pinne and just 
in front of their bases along the gill rachises. 2. Spermatozoa developed in segments 
anterior to those producing ova. 
Localities. Large quantities from the bottom of SS. Juba and from other places off 
Zanzibar ; also from Wasin. Masses were also growing on a small buoy in the entrance 
to Suez Canal and on “SS. Fayoun, a pilgrim ship which had been stationary for about 
8 months; one colony covered a square foot, was 8 or 9 inches high, and was apparently 
rapidly growing.” 
