334. THE SECRET OF SAHARA: KUFARA 



used partly against the enemy and partly for the purpose of 

 maintaining public security in the interior of Cyrenaica. 



(e) Personal allowances to certain members of the 

 Senussi family are to be paid monthly. 



(r) In return for this, Mohammed Idris will make him- 

 self responsible for the maintenance of peace in the interior, 

 but will form no new posts, will gradually disarm the popula- 

 tion, will place no obstacles in the way of the Italian Govern- 

 ment for the forcible disarmament of hostile groups, will allow 

 Italian delegates to enter the interior for the settlement of 

 affairs with his local representative while the Italian Govern- 

 ment may at any time send a representative to discuss 

 matters with him in person. 



Since then an excellent understanding has been arrived at, 

 chiefly owing to the personal influence of H. E. The Governor of 

 Cyrenaica, Senator de Martino and Sayed Mohammed Idris under 

 which Cyrenaica bids fair to have a prosperous commercial and 

 agricultural future. 



By the accord of, Regima in November, 1920, Italy and the 

 Senussi ratified the Italo-British Agreement before quoted. 



Sayed Idris was given the hereditary title of Emir with juris- 

 diction as "an independent ruler on behalf of Italy" over the oases 

 of Kufara, Jaghabub, Jalo, Aujela and Jedabia. He is to disband 

 his "karakols" and armed camps in Cyrenaica, and the Italians are 

 to find emplo^mient for the men thus left without work in a regular 

 police force. The terms of the new Constitution granted to 

 Cyrenaica provide that five members, out of the 44 constituting the 

 Legislative Assembly, shall be elected from the oases of the in- 

 terior. It is expected that a port will be built at Zuetina and that 

 the trans-Saharan trade from Wadai and Darfur will pass 

 through Kufara, Jalo, and Jedabia on its way to this Mediter- 

 ranean outlet. 



At the present moment Sayed Idris rules by means of kaima- 

 kaans at Kufara, Jalo, Jaghabub, Jedabia, el Abiar, Takness, 

 Merawa and KHiolaf. Under each kaimakaan is a Qadi (judge), 

 and a Mahkama Sharia (Religious Court) consisting of two clerks, 

 a Mudir Amual (Head of the Financial Department), a 

 Treasurer and Clerk, and a Maimir Tahsil (Head Tax-collector). 



The justice is that of the Koran and "Onshur" — a tenth part 

 — is paid yearly on palms and live-stock. Five per cent. Customs 



