INDEX 



Naval Militia: maintained by Earl Harold, 14; 

 fails against William, 15; by Cinque Ports (q.v.), 



18 

 Navigation Acts, British : mediseval, 224 ; Common- 

 wealth, 119; Charles II, 138 

 Neot, Saint, fights in Saxon Navy, 12 

 Neutral Cargoes, captured in enemy ships, 45 

 Neutrality, elastic ideas of, 122 

 Neutral Ships, forcible impressment of, 42 

 Neville, Thomas, inherits Warwick's fleet, 45 

 New England Fisheries, commencement, 272 

 New World, end of 17th cent. 272 

 New York, view of {ca. 1670), 269 ; Hudson's entry 



in harbour, 271 

 Nice, shipbuilding at, 186 

 Nicholas of Lynn, Carmelite monk, probable Arctic 



voyage of, 204 

 Nicobar Islands, James Lancaster's expedition, 238 

 Nina, ship in Columbus' expedition (1492), 251 

 Nino, Don Pedro, Spanish naval leader, raids Eng- 

 land (1405), 40 

 Nombre de Dios, attacked by Drake, 90 

 Nonsuch, H.M.S., captured by Duguay Trouin, 162 

 Norman Conquest : trie beginning, 15 ; difficulties of 



organization, 16 ; the actual operation, 17 

 Norman Ships : the White Ship, 19 ; general type, 



170 

 Normandy: Viking occupation, 11, 14; Henry V's 



invasion, 41 ; seamen's affrays, 171 

 Norrys, Sir John, Elizabethan seaman, 88, 89 

 North-East Passage 237, 271 

 North Foreland, Battle of, 124; Four Days' Fight, 



132 ; St. James's Day Fight, 135 

 North Pole, Nicholas of Lynn Legend, 204 

 North-West Passage, Hudson's attempt at, 271 

 Northumberland, Duke of, uses Navy for Lady Jane 



Grey, 55 

 Norway, conquered by Canute, 14 

 Norwegian Invasion of England, 15 

 Norwegian Navigation, use of compass, 172. See 



als» Vikings 

 Nova Scotia, possible Viking discovery, 202 

 Nuestra Senora del Rosario, Spanish ship, 65, 71 



Obdam, Admiral, battle of Lowestoft, 139 



Ochiali, battle of Lepanto (1571), 281 



Offa, King of Mercia, builds a fleet, 8 ; pilgrim 



trade, 225 

 Ojida, Alonso de, expedition to S. America, 252 ; 



life and death, 252, 253 

 Olando, builds a caravel, 261 

 Oleron, Laws of, outline of, 170 

 Orange, Prince of, result of death, 119 

 Orkneys, submit to King Arthur, 8 ; naval party 



defeated, 56 ; expeditions from, 203 

 Ormuz, capture by East India Co., 244 

 Orwell, River, base of defence fleet, 25 

 Oseberg, Viking ship, 164 

 Ostend, Spaniards besieged in, 99 

 Other, Arctic explorer, 203 

 Overland Route to China, 231 

 Oxenham, John, expedition to Pacific (1575), 265 

 Oxus, River, origin of Vikings, 8 



Pacific, English Adventurers in the : Earl of Cum- 

 berland's plan, 60 ; John Oxenham's expedition, 265 



Pack, Rear-Admiral, 121 



Panama, Isthmus of : attacked by Drake, 90 ; view 

 of, about 1690, 288; sacked by Morgan, 289, 294 



Parker, William, Plymouth privateer, 90 



Parma, Duke of, part in Spanish Armada, 63, 87 

 Pay, Harry, English privateer, 38 

 Pay of Seamen ; unpaid by Edward IV, 39 ; Stuart 

 irregularities, 106 ; Commonwealth, 124 ; Charles 

 II, 151 

 Pelican, Drake's flagship, 265 



Pembroke, Strongbow, Earl of, invades Ireland, 20 

 Pembroke, Earl of, defeat off La Rochelle, 35 

 Penelope, ship, in James Lancaster's expedition, 238 

 Penheurt, Le Sieur de, French naval leader, defeats 



English, 40 

 Peniche, Portugal, landing by Drake, 88 

 Penn, Admiral Sir William : Western squadron, 

 121; Kentish Knock, 122; Three Days' Fight, 

 123 ; North Foreland, 124 ; West Indian expedi- 

 tion, 126 ; treasurable correspondence, 126 ; second 

 Dutch War, 138 

 Penington, Admiral: in French service, 102; Havre 

 expedition (1625), 103 ; unable to enforce neut- 

 rality, 105 

 Penzance ; ships in Aquitaine expedition (1439), 43 

 Pepys, Samuel : improves victualling, 189 ; patron 



of Deane, 190 

 Perils of Sea, in 14th cent., 223 

 Persian Gulf, origin of Phoenicians, 167 

 Personnel of the British Navy : difficulties under 

 Henry VIII, 55; Commonwealth, 124; disloyalty 

 in, 123, 124 

 Peru, capture of Spanish galleon off, 283 

 Pett, Peter (1st), Master Shipwright until 1589, 190 

 Pett, Peter (2nd), Commissioner of the Navy, 190, 



193 

 Pett, Phineas, Master Shipwright, 190 

 Pevensey, Sussex, Roman fortress at, 7 ; Norman 



invasion (1066), 17 

 Philip, King, of France, 21 



Philip II, King of Spain: wedding voyage, 55; in- 

 volves England against France, 56 ; moves against 

 Elizabeth, 59 ; plans Great Armada, 60 

 Phoenicians : probable trade with Britain, 192 ; 

 origin, 167, 212; ships, 167, 212; possible dis- 

 covery of America, 192 ; trade, 212 

 Phcenix, Commonwealth warship, lost and retaken, 



121 ; commerce destroying, 125 

 Picta, Roman ship type, origin of, 168 

 Piers Morgan, French captain, see Primoquet 

 Pilgrim Fathers, 271 

 Pilgrim Trade, in early days, 225 

 Pilots : penalties for default, 171 

 Pining, Admiral, expedition to America, 245 

 Pinta, ship : Columbus' expedition (1492), 251 

 Pinzon, Vicente Yanez, in Columbus' expedition 



(1492), 257; discovery of Brazil, 254 

 Piracy, by Cinque Ports, in Henry Ill's reign, 273 

 Piracy, by Men-of-war: Edward IV 's reign, 39; 



Burgundian Navy, 45 ; Earl of Warwick, 44 

 Piracy, Early, Phoenicians, 273 ; in Mediterranean, 



273 

 Piracy, encouragement of, by Emperor Charles, 55 

 Piracy, suppression of : by Henry V, 41 ; Raven- 

 stein, 51; Queen Elizabeth, 50; Edward VI's 

 regency, 55; James I's feebleness, 102; Ship 

 Money fleet, 104; by Pompey, (67 B.C.), 273 

 Pirates, Baltic, Wisby as base, 229. See also 



Victualling Brothers 

 Pirates, Norse, Roman measures against, 6 ; 



Viking era, 8, 168; female (ill.), 295 

 Pirates, Scottish, in Roman times, 7 ; against 

 Edward I, 22 ; Andrew Barton, 51 



304 



