OR ANIMALS WITHOUT BLOOD. 227 



Teuthos and Teuthis differ, he says, from Sepia in having a 

 smaller ink-bag situated nearer the mouth, and a " cartila- 

 ginous " internal support, shaped like a sword.* Aristotle 

 says that Teuthos differs from Teuthis chiefly in its much 

 larger size (being sometimes about eight feet long), in the 

 broader shape of its pointed end (to 6^u) , and in the arrange- 

 ment of its fin, which extends along its whole body, while 

 that of Teuthis is incomplete.! 



Clearly Aristotle's Sepia is a cuttle-fish, such as Sepia 

 officinalis, and Teuthos and Teuthis are large and small 

 calamaries or squids, Teuthos probably being Loligo vulgaris. 

 It does not seem to be possible to identify Teuthis satis- 

 factorily. Frantzius believed that it was Bossia or Sepiola, 

 each of which, it is true, has two fins quite separate and 

 like wings on the sides of its body, but then neither of these 

 cephalopods has its abdominal end pointed, each having it 

 as nearly as possible hemispherical. 



Aristotle describes several kinds of octopods. One of 

 these, which he says is the largest and most common kind, t 

 is Octopus vtilgaris, and is referred to in many passages. 

 Another kind, called Eledone, is stated to be the only 

 one which has a single row of suckers on each arm.§ 

 This kind is the modern eledone, common in the 

 Mediterranean, but it is not possible to determine the 

 species referred to by Aristotle. A third kind, called 

 Bolitaina or Ozolis, is not described sufficiently to allow of 

 its being identified. 



There are two marine animals, according to Aristotle, 

 which live in shells, one called Nautilos or Nautihos, with 

 a shell like that of a pecten, when in its open position, and 

 the other with a shell like that of a snail ; this kind never 

 leaves its shell, and sometimes extends its arms.|| 



Aristotle's Nautilos was an argonaut, such as Argonauta 

 argo. He gives some information about its habits, 

 obtained probably from fishermen or sailors. He describes 

 how it sails on the surfaice of the sea, with its shell up- 

 turned and propelled by winds acting on an expanded web 

 between two of its arms, and how, when alarmed, it fills 

 its shell with water and sinks. ^ This is a fanciful de- 

 scription. The shell of the female argonaut, which alone 



- H. A. iv. c. 1, s. 12 ; P. A. iv. c. 5, 679a. 

 f H. A. iv. c. 1, ss. 8 and 9. \ Ibid. iv. c. 1, s. 15. 



§ Ihid. II Ibid. iv. c. 1, s. 16. 



U Ibid. ix. c. 25, s. 12. 



