A. E. Verrill — Xorth American Ceplidlopods. 311 



the center of the club there are two alternating rows of large, broad, 

 depressed suckers, about seven in each, with a few smaller ones, of 

 the same series, at both ends ; along each edge, alternating with the 

 large suckers, there is a row of smaller and more oblique marginal 

 suckers, about half as large. The proximal part of the chib bears 

 only a few small denticulated suckers ; the distal part bears a large 

 number of small, sharply denticulated, pedicelled suckers, crowdedly 

 arranged in four rows ; close to the tips of the arms about twenty of 

 the small suckers have smooth rims and very short pedicels, but are 

 still in four rows. The large suckers vary greatly in relative size, 

 according to age, sex, season, and locality ; they are a little higher 

 on one side than on the other, with a broad aperture, surrounded by 

 a horny, marginal ring, which is divided all around into sharp, un- 

 equal teeth, which are larger on the outer side (PI. XL, fig. 5) ; 

 usually one minute, sharp tooth stands between two larger ones, and 

 these sets of three stand between still larger and less acute ones ; 

 the horny ring is surrounded by a wide, thick, soft, mai'ginal mem- 

 brane ; below the border, a groove surrounds the sucker, and below 

 this there is a basal swelling, equalling or exceeding the margin in 

 diameter. The smaller marginal suckers (PI. XL, fig. 4a, 4i) have 

 the aperture more oblique and the horny ring much wider on the 

 outer side, with its outer, sharp, marginal teeth longer and more 

 incurved ; usually these have the teeth alternately larger and smaller. 



The outer buccal membrane (Plate XXIX, fig. 4) is large, thin, with 

 seven prominent, elongated, acute angles, all of which have a cluster 

 of about ten to fifteen, small, pedicelled suckers, in two rows, on the 

 inner surface (a, 6, c, d). These suckers have horny rings, denticu- 

 lated on one side. In the female there is a special thickened organ 

 (s) in the form of a horse-shoe, on the inner ventral surface of the 

 buccal membrane. This in the breeding season serves for the attach- 

 ment of the spermatophoi'es by the male. 



The muscular pharynx (fig. 4, e,/) containing the jaws can be pro- 

 truded its whole length. The inner buccal membrane {f) or sheath 

 enclosing the beak (??i), has a prominent, thickened, radially-wrinkled 

 and puckered anterior margin. On the ventral side the pharynx 

 bears, externally, two thin chitinous plates, not connected with the 

 jaws. The points and exposed edges of the beak are hard and black, 

 becoming dark reddish brown farther back ; the alae, gular and pala- 

 tine laminje are thin and pale yellowish or light amber-color, in alco- 

 holic specimens. The upper mandible (PI. XXXIV, figs. 4, 4a, var. 

 pallida) has a sharp, strongly-incurved point ; cutting edge regularly 



