PASSERINE BIRDS OF NEW YORK 229 



5. Adult Winter Plumage acquired by a complete post- 

 nuptial moult beginning the middle of August. Practically indis- 

 tinguishable from first winter dress, possessing the same white 

 tipped tertiaries, but usually the head and back show blue rather 

 than green metallic reflections. This is the only one of our 

 Swallows that completes its moult before migrating southward. 

 It breeds early and moults early as compared with the others. 



6. Adult Nuptial Plumage acquired by wear through which 

 the white tips of the tertiaries are lost as in young birds, speci- 

 mens thus becoming wholly steel-blue above. 



Female. — The female has corresponding plumages and moults, 

 but is usually duller with less iridescence and browner wings 

 and tail until the adult winter plumage is assumed which is 

 usually indistinguishable from that of the male. 



Clivicola riparia (Linn.). Bank Swallow 



1. Natal Down. No specimen seen. 



2. Juvenal Plumage acquired by a complete postnatal moult. 



Above, including sides of head, brownish mouse-gray, most of the feathers edged 

 with pale drab. Wings and tail dull brownish black, the wing coverts and 

 tertiaries edged with pale cinnamon, the rectrices with grayish white. The 

 tail is rounded, only slightly forked and without the indistinctly barred or 

 "watered" effect usual in the adult. Below, white, a broad pectoral band 

 mouse-gray, or dull clove-brown with cinnamon edgings, the chin tinged with 

 cinnamon, and flecked with faint dusky dots. Lores dull black. Bill dull 

 black. Feet sepia becoming black. 



Birds migrate southward in this plumage before September, 

 some of the edgings having been lost by wear. A specimen 

 from Tehuantepec, Mexico, October 13th, still retains this dress. 



3. FiR-ST Winter Plumage acquired probably by a com- 

 plete postjuvenal moult. The new tail is more deeply forked 

 and is indistinctly barred. The chin is pure white without 

 spots and the collar is darker. Young and old evidently be- 

 come indistinguishable. 



4. First Nuptial Plumage acquired evidently by wear, 

 which is very marked in this species as compared with the 

 Swallows of iridescent plumage. The wings and tail are darker 



