MA:\I]\rALIA. 



Sup.-OKDER 2. — Ancylopoda. 



During part of the Miocene and Pliocene periods in Pier-case 9. 

 Europe, Asia and North America, there li\'ed some large 

 three-toed quadrupeds which had grinding teeth much like 

 those of the Titanotheriida; and exhibited many resemljlances 

 to the I'erissodactyla in general, l)ut differed from all known 

 Ungulata in the peculiar structure of the feet. In these 

 animals the weight of the body when walking seems to have 

 been mainly supported by the outer side of the twisted foot, 

 while the phalanges of each digit curve upwards on highly- 

 developed pulley-joints and end in a cleft, pointed, claw- 

 shaped bone — an arrangement suggesting the name Ancylo- 



FiG. 16. — View of grinding surface of third right upper true molar tooth 

 of Chalicothcriiirn siiicnsc, from the Pliocene of China ; nat. size. 

 (Pier-case 9.) 



poda (" curve-feet ") for the sub-order. The feet, imleed, are 

 so much like those of the extinct ground-sloths of America 

 and the existing pangolins (Manis) of the Old World, that 

 the isolated toe-l)ones were referred to the Edentata until a 

 nearly complete skeleton of (me genus {Macwtlicrium) was 

 found in the jMiocene of France. Among the remains 

 exhibited in Pier-case U may l)e particularly noted a toe of 

 Macrothcrinm from the Middle Miocene of Sansan, France ; 

 a toe of Anciilotheriiiiii (lacking claw) from the Lower 

 .riiocene of Pikermi, Greece ; and teeth of C/ni/icdflii/ui'm 

 (Fig. !()) frttm the L'lioeene of India and China. 



