THE JUKES. 41 



licentiousness has preceded the use of ardent spirits and probably 

 caused a physical exhaustion that made stimulants grateful. Addi- 

 tional evidence as to the view here put forth will be found on page 

 93, where hereditary and other phenomena are tabulated. This fuller 

 investigation tends to show that certain diseases and mental dis- 

 orders precede the appetite for stimulants, and that the true cause of 

 their use is the antecedent hereditary or induced physical exhaustion ; 

 the remedy, healthy, well-balanced constitutions. If this view should 

 prove correct, one of the great points in the training of paupers and 

 criminal children will be to pay special attention to sexual training, 

 and to prevent and cure constitutional diseases which may have come 

 to them as a heritage. It also shows that the intemperance question 

 is one for the physician and educator to deal with rather than the 

 legislator. 



Crime, — In the table here appended, as only official records of 

 crimes are entered, two principal causes for the smallness of the 

 number of offenses need explaining. As respects crimes, the records 

 of only one county were examined, and these reached back only to 

 1830 ; the earlier records, your committee was told, are down in the 

 cellar of the county clerk's office, under the coal. To get a full rec- 

 ord of the crimes of the " Juke " family the criminal records of three 

 other counties need to be examined. As respects misdemeanors, 

 these are to be found in the books of justices of the peace and the 

 books of the sheriffs, both of which are either destroyed or laid 

 away in private hands, packed in barrels or stowed in garrets, and 

 are inaccessible. In addition we must note that in the latter part of 

 the last century and the beginning of this, many acts which now 

 subject a man to imprisonment then went unpunished, even cases of 

 murder, arson and highway robbery, so that the absence of a man's 

 name from the criminal calendar is no criterion of his honesty. 



In the first place, the illegitimates who have become parent 

 stocks are the oldest children of their respective mothers, Ada, Bell 

 and Delia ; but as the bastards of the latter had no children, this 

 leaves only those of her other sisters to be considered. In the study 

 of crime we take the males as the leading sex, skipping the women 

 just as in studying harlotry we skipped the men, but at the same 



