THE JUKES. 47 



Tentative Inductio7is respecting Crime : 



1. The burden of crime is found in the illegitimate lines. 



2. The legitimate lines marry into crime. 



~ 3. Those streaks of crime found in the legitimate lines are found 

 chiefly where there have been crosses into X. 



4. The eldest child has a tendency to be the criminal of the 

 family. 



5. Crime chiefly follows the male lines. 



6. The longest lines of crime are along the line of the eldest son. 

 Crime and Pauperism compared. — The ideal pauper is the idiotic 



adult unable to help himself, who may be justly called a living em- 

 bodiment of death. The ideal criminal is a courageous man in the 

 prime of life who so skilfully contrives crime on a large scale that he 

 escapes detection and succeeds in making the community believe him 

 to be honest as he is generous. Between these two extremes there 

 are endless gradations which approximate each other, till at last you 

 reach a class who are too weak to be contrivers of crime, and too 

 strong to be alms-house paupers ; they are the tools who execute 

 what others plan and constitute the majority of those who are found 

 in prison during their youth and prime, and in the poor-house in 

 their old age. These men prefer the risks and excitements of 

 criminality and the occasional confinement of a prison where they 

 meet congenial company, to the security against want and the stag- 

 nant life of the alms-house. 



To more fully illustrate this we give table X., in which is made a 

 comparison of the distinctively criminal branch of Ada, with the 

 distinctively pauper branch of Effie, so that the difference can be 

 contrasted. It will be seen that while the criminal branch shows 

 35 per cent of out-door relief and 21 per cent of alms-house pau- 

 pers, with 60 per cent of crime, the pauper branch shows 61 per 

 cent of out-door relief, 2i^ per cent of alms-house pauperism, and 

 53 per cent of crime. But when we come to study the intensity of 

 crime, we find that while nine offenders of the line of Ada have been 

 sent to State prison -for 60 years, only one has been sent for five years 

 of the line of Effie. Again, contrasting the crimes against property, 

 against person and vagrancy, the percentages show great dis- 

 parities. While Ada's offspring perpetrate 54 per cent of crimes 



